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Introduction to Three Phase Relative Permeability

Introduction to Three Phase Relative Permeability. Ternary Diagrams. Because S o +S w +S g =1, we can use a ternary diagram to represent three phase saturations, and plot values of relative permeability as the independent variable. Two of the three saturations are independent

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Introduction to Three Phase Relative Permeability

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  1. Introduction toThree PhaseRelative Permeability

  2. Ternary Diagrams • Because So+Sw+Sg=1, we can use a ternary diagram to represent three phase saturations, and plot values of relative permeability as the independent variable. • Two of the three saturations are independent • We can plot in 2-D space using two independent (not same direction) coordinates

  3. Ternary Diagrams • Plot Point for: Sw=0.30 So=0.25 Sg=0.45 0.00 Sg 1.00 0.00 So 1.00

  4. Three Phase Relative Permeability • Saturation plotted on ternary diagram • Lines show constant krw • parallel to water saturation lines • krw is function only of water saturation • for water wet, water is in smallest pores

  5. Three Phase Relative Permeability • Saturation plotted on ternary diagram • Lines show constant krg • approximately parallel to gas saturation lines • krg is primarily a function of gas saturation • gas is in largest pores

  6. Three Phase Relative Permeability • Saturation plotted on ternary diagram • Lines show constant kro • not parallel to any saturation lines • kro is function of both water and gas saturation • pore size distribution • water: smallest • gas: largest • oil: intermediate size pores

  7. Three Phase Relative Permeability • Lines show constant kro • not parallel to any saturation lines • At low gas saturation, kro is a primarily function of oil saturation • At low water saturation, kro is primarily a function of gas saturation

  8. Three Phase Relative Permeability • Three phase flow occurs over a limited range of three phase saturations • outside this range, two phase or single phase flow occurs

  9. Application ofThree Phase Relative Permeability • Three phase relative permeability data is needed whenever we wish to consider reservoir flow with all three phases present • Three phase lab data is expensive and time consuming • Two phase data is much more common • Many methods have been developed to calculate three phase relative permeability from two phase curves (water/oil curve and oil/gas curve)

  10. Modeling ofThree Phase Relative Permeability • Stones Method II • An accepted industry standard • krg obtained from gas/oil two phase curve as function of Sg • krw obtained from oil/water two phase curve as function of Sw • kro for three phase flow obtained from both two phase curves as function of Sg and Sw • krow, kro from oil/water • krwo, krw from oil/water • krog, kro from gas/oil • krgo, krg from gas/oil

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