Introduction to Data Models and Geodatabases

1. Introduction to Data Models and Geodatabases Steve Grisé UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

2. Geodatabases • More closely represent real world objects than previous GIS data models • Provide a starting point for more sophisticated data models based on a more natural approach • Rely on geography and rules to define relationships, not just primary and foreign keys • Users and Programmers don’t need to manage atomic data elements/topology, they manage the objects and relationships instead UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

3. Inside the Geodatabase Relationship classes Geometric networks Feature dataset Tables, subtypes Feature classes, subtypes Attributes Route Annotation Dimension Polygon Line Point Annotation Polygon Line Points Representations Raster datasets Terrain datasets Network datasets Validation rules Connectivity rulesRelationship rulesTopology rules Default valuesAttribute domains Split/Merge policy Topology UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

4. Enterprise GDB Workgroup GDB Personal GDB Geodatabase Options • ArcGIS Server includes ArcSDE • Workgroup Geodatabases • SQL Express • File Geodatabase • Fast • Cross Platform • Personal Geodatabase • MS Access • SQL Express ArcGIS ArcSDE File GDB Embedded Database Engine UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

5. Geodatabase Datasets Surveys Addresses Networks Vectors Annotation 3D Objects Attributes Topology Dimensions Cadastral Terrain CAD Cartography Images UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

6. Objects and Object Classes Objects are entities with properties and behavior. An object is an instance of an object class. All objects in an object class have the same properties and behavior. An object can be related to other objects via relationships. A row stores an Object A table stores an ObjectClass UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

7. Builds on the Relational Model A feature is a spatial object. A feature is an instance of a feature class. Extended the relational model with Geometry attribute types Features and Feature Classes A feature class is a table of rows, where each row has a geographic column UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

8. Geodatabase Supports Advanced Geometry Points, lines, polygons, text, and surfaces Single and multipart features Flexible coordinates XY, Z, M, True Curves Continuous coverage (not tiled) One record in feature class table Feature with many parts UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

9. Feature Datasets A container for feature classes with the same spatial reference Analogous to a coverage Less restrictive Contain geometric networks and topologies Optionally relationship classes Subdivision ParcelCorner Parcel ParcelAnno LotLines Parcel_Topo LotDimension BoundaryLine UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

10. Domains Describe the legal values of a field type. Used to ensure attribute integrity Can be shared among classes Transfer with the geodatabase Types of domains: Range A tree can have a height between 0 and 300 feet. A road can have between one and eight lanes. Coded value (e.g., a set) A tree can be of type oak, redwood, or palm. A road can be made of dirt, asphalt, or concrete. UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

11. Subtypes Partition the objects in a class into like groups. Defined by the value of a subtype field. Have the same attribute schema Have the same behavior schema Can have different default values and domains for each field Can define topology rules between subtypes Descriptions Codes UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

12. An association between two object classes. A class may participate in multiple relationship classes. Related objects can message each other. Origin to destination, destination to origin, both, neither. Can trigger behavior (cascade delete, move to follow, custom, etc.) Associate rules with relationship classes. Relationship Classes UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

13. Annotation An example of a graphic feature class Annotation feature classes may be Feature linked Non-feature linked Composite relationship manages link Can store text as well as other graphics Lines, arrows, boxes, etc. Maplex labeling integrated into ArcGIS composite annotation feature Placerville relationship class feature class class Sacramento 21 41 92 92 Placerville 41 Topanga Canyon 94 23 43 94 Sacramento 43 27 47 95 47 95 Topanga Canyon 49 UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

14. Type of annotation that displays specific distances on a map Graphic features stored in a dimension feature class “Smart” feature Special drawing Special editing Dimension Features UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

15. Object Behavior Class extensions Rules Subtypes Domains Datasets UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

16. Role of Data Model Templates UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

17. ArcGIS Data ModelsTemplates for Many Fields • Address • Agricultural • Atmospheric • Base Map • Biodiversity • Building Interior Spaces • Census-Admin • Boundaries • Defense-Intel • Energy Utilities • Environmental • Fire Service • Forestry • Geology • GIS For The Nation • Groundwater • Health • Historic Preservation • & Archaeology • Homeland Security • Hydro • IHO - Navigation • Land Parcels • Local Government • Marine • National Cadastre • Petroleum • Pipeline • Telecommunications • Transportation • Water Utilities Arc Hydro . . . Help Users Get Started . . . Support Standards UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars

18. Network/Enterprise Service Bus Architectural Direction – n Tier, Server-Based 3-D Viewers Presentation Tier (multiple viewers) COP 2-D Viewers Open Web Services Tracking Services Catalog Services Globe Services Geo- Processing Services Image- Processing Services Map & Chart Services Serving/ Publishing Tier Authoring Tier UC2008 Pre-conference Seminars