S645

1. PYGM GYS2 PYGL PYGB GYS1 S11 S641 S82 S15 S15 S15 S8 S641 S8 S645 S645 GSK3b PKA p38a MAPK PHKg1 CK1 MAPKAPK2 Grk3 DYRK2 DYRK1B PASK AMPKa1 DYRK1A Glycogen Regulation AMP cAMP Ca2+ Glycogen Degradation

2. PYGM GYS2 PYGL PYGB GYS1 S11 S82 S15 S15 S641 S15 S8 S641 S8 S645 S645 GSK3b p38a MAPK PHKg1 CK1 MAPKAPK2 DYRK1A Grk3 DYRK1B AMPKa1 PKA PASK DYRK2 Glycogen Regulation AMP cAMP Ca2+ Glycogen Degradation Glycogen Synthesis

3. PYGM GYS2 PYGL PYGB GYS1 S11 S82 S15 S15 S641 S15 S8 S641 S8 S645 S645 GSK3b p38a MAPK PHKg1 CK1 MAPKAPK2 DYRK1A Grk3 DYRK1B AMPKa1 PKA PASK DYRK2 Glycogen Regulation AMP cAMP Ca2+ Glycogen Degradation Glycogen Synthesis

4. PYGM GYS2 PYGL PYGB GYS1 S11 S82 S15 S15 S641 S15 S8 S641 S8 S645 S645 GSK3b p38a MAPK PHKg1 CK1 MAPKAPK2 DYRK1A Grk3 DYRK1B AMPKa1 PKA PASK DYRK2 Glycogen Regulation AMP cAMP Ca2+ Glycogen Degradation Glycogen Synthesis

5. PYGM GYS2 PYGL PYGB GYS1 S11 S82 S15 S15 S641 S15 S8 S641 S8 S645 S645 GSK3b p38a MAPK PHKg1 CK1 MAPKAPK2 DYRK1A Grk3 DYRK1B AMPKa1 PKA PASK DYRK2 Glycogen Regulation AMP cAMP Ca2+ Glycogen Degradation Glycogen Synthesis

6. Substrate Substrate Full Name ProteinType Substrate Phospho- Effect of Kinase All Kinases Phosphatase Short Name Swissprot site Phosphorylation Affecting Affecting Affecting GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S11 Phosphorylation inhibits CK1 CK1 enzyme enzyme activity. GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK1A DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK1B DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK2 DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits Grk3 DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits GSK3b DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits PASK DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits Grk3 Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits GSK3b Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits p38b MAPK Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits AMPKa1 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits CK1 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits MAPKAPK2 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits PhK-g AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g Glycogen Regulation

7. Substrate Substrate Full Name ProteinType Substrate Phospho- Effect of Kinase All Kinases Phosphatase Short Name Swissprot site Phosphorylation Affecting Affecting Affecting GYS1 Glycogen synthase, muscle Glygcogen synthesis P13807 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits PKACa AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK1A DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK1B DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits DYRK2 DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits Grk3 DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits GSK3b DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S641 Phosphorylation inhibits PASK DYRK1A, enzyme enzyme activity. DYRK1B, DYRK2, Grk3, GSK3b, PASK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits Grk3 Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits GSK3b Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S645 Phosphorylation inhibits p38b MAPK Grk3, GSK3b, p38b enzyme enzyme activity. MAPK GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits AMPKa1 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits CK1 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits MAPKAPK2 AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits PhK-g AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g Glycogen Regulation

8. Glycogen Regulation Substrate Substrate Full Name ProteinType Substrate Phospho- Effect of Kinase All Kinases Phosphatase Short Name Swissprot site Phosphorylation Affecting Affecting Affecting GYS2 Glycogen synthase, liver Glygcogen synthesis P54840 S8 Phosphorylation inhibits PKACa AMPKa1, CK1, enzyme enzyme activity. MAPKAPK2, PhK- , PKACa g PHKG1 Phosphorylase B kinase Glygcogen regulation Q16816 S82 Phosphorylation may PKACa PKACa gamma catalytic subunit 1 enzyme stimulate kinase activity. PYGB Glycogen phosphorylase, Glygcogen degradation P11216 S15 Glycogen phosphorylase, PhK-g PhK-g brain form enzyme brain form PYGL Glycogen phosphorylase, Glygcogen degradation P06737 S15 Glycogen phosphorylase, PhK-g PhK-g liver form enzyme liver form PYGM Glycogen phosphorylase, Glygcogen degradation P11217 S15 Glycogen phosphorylase, PhK-g PhK-g muscle form enzyme muscle form