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Wastewater Management

Wastewater Management. Why ?. Why are we concerned about wastewater?. Public Health Protection Waterborne diseases Environmental Protection Our lands and waters Aesthetics Smells, odors, flies, etc. Public Health is #1 Issue.

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Wastewater Management

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  1. Wastewater Management Why ?

  2. Why are we concerned aboutwastewater? • Public Health Protection • Waterborne diseases • Environmental Protection • Our lands and waters • Aesthetics • Smells, odors, flies, etc.

  3. Public Health is #1 Issue • In developing countries, 60% of children do not reach 6 years old. • Due to improper wastewater management, and thus • Contaminated drinking water

  4. Wastewater Contains…

  5. ConventionalMunicipal Wastewater • High population density areas • miles and miles of sewer pipes collect and transport wastewater and all its components to a “central” treatment plant • Treatment consists of settling of solids, and biological treatment $$$

  6. Treatment plants consist of: • Screens (to remove large solids) • Clarifiers (or sedimentation basins) • Biological Treatment • Trickling Filters • Aerobic Treatment Systems (activated sludge) • Digestors (where microbes degrade solids)

  7. Screens

  8. Clarifiers (for settling)

  9. Solids removed, but…dissolved carbon material remains

  10. Dissolved Carbon (BOD)is removed biologicallymicrobesCarbon + O2 >>>> CO2 + H2O + MOREmaterial MicrobesThis is what purifies the water.

  11. Trickling Filters

  12. Microbes are attachedto solid surfaces

  13. These treatment processes in big treatment plants correspond to onsite systemsScreens ……………………Effluent FiltersClarifiers ………………… Septic TanksDigesters ………………… Septic TanksBio. Treatment (TF) …….. Soil Disposal

  14. Septic Tanks and Effluent Filters(Clarifier/Digester/Screens)

  15. In-Ground Disposal (bio-treatment)like a trickling filter …creates a biomat

  16. Biomat • Is made up of microbes feeding on wastes and solids in the disposal trench • Will quickly clog a “tight” soil • Can be minimized if solids are kept in tank and wastes are removed (treated) prior to disposal • Thus, the reason for alternative treatment systems

  17. More FoodMore Microbes • Biomat = microbes growing in the bottom of the trench (trench-soil interface) • Organic loading important (food) • 1 gallon of ww per ft2 • 5 gallons of ww per ft2 • Sidewall of Trench??? • Wide or Narrow trenches??

  18. Alternative (or Advanced) Systems Usually a biological treatment mechanism used to……. a. biodegrade the organic wastes in wastewaer b. protect public health c. protect the environment …when soils cannot provide treatment or disposal • Typically more complex, and engineered • Used to alleviate problems…. • High water table • Poor soils • Public Health Risk

  19. Treatment Alternatives(performance-based) • Aerobic Treatment Units (ATUs) • Suspended Growth Processes • Attached Growth (Packed Bed) Systems • Peat • Sand Filters • Constructed Wetlands • Foam • Etc.

  20. Disposal Alternatives • Mounds • Pressure dosing • Drip disposal • Etc.

  21. Treatment System Facts • Treatment removes fecal coliform by 96%+ • Reduces Public Health risk • Treatment systems replace soil treatment • A necessity in poor or non-existent soils • Treatment can enhance infiltration by up to 7x • No biomat formation, enhances clay soil disposal

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