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Chapter 9-Powell et al. Consequences of Responding: Aversive Control. Aversive Control. I.Aversive stimuli as consequences A.Thorndike’s strong Law of Effect B.Punishment 1.Baseline high responding 2.Punishing consequence added 3.Recovery 4.Mirrors reinforcement.
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Chapter 9-Powell et al. Consequences of Responding: Aversive Control
Aversive Control I.Aversive stimuli as consequences A.Thorndike’s strong Law of Effect B.Punishment 1.Baseline high responding 2.Punishing consequence added 3.Recovery 4.Mirrors reinforcement
Aversive Control C.Terminology
Aversive Control D.More terminology
Aversive Control E. Types of punishers 1. Intrinsic 2. Extrinsic 3. Primary 4. Secondary 5. Generalized
Aversive Control II.Escape A.Negative reinforcement B.Positive and negative ambiguity III.Avoidance A.Passive avoidance B.Active avoidance C.Shuttle box D.Two factor theory of avoidance
Aversive Control E.Sidman avoidance & one factor theory 1.S-S interval 2.R-S interval 3.Conditioned aversive temporal stimuli (CATS) F.Species-specific defensive reactions (SSDRs) G.Shock probability reduction (Molecular-molar distinction) H.Extinguishing avoidance 1.Flooding
Aversive Control IV. Learned helplessness A. Punishes all behavior B. Ineffectual C. Immunize
Aversive Control V.Punishment usage A.Using punishment effectively 1.No escape 2.Intense 3.Every occurrence 4.Immediate 5.Without positive reinforcement 6.No discriminative stimuli 7.No gradual increase in intensity 8.Reinforce alternative behavior
Aversive Control B. Disadvantages of punishment 1. Emotional reaction 2. Escape and avoidance 3. Behavior suppression 4. Constant monitoring 5. Aggression 6. Tolerance 7. Reinforcing! 8. Addiction 9. Modeling
Aversive Control C. Advantages of punishment 1. Works fast 2. May increase life quality a. More social b. Better mood c. More attentive
Aversive Control IV.Positive and negative punishment A. Time out B. Response cost B. Omission C. Ambiguity (again)