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Nature and Nurture in Psychology

Nature and Nurture in Psychology. What are we made of?. Nature. Nurture. All the environmental factors that affect us from conception to death Placental abnormalities Wholesome food and water Growing up in a household of smokers Bilingual or monolingual. Genetic Code 46 Chromosomes DNA

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Nature and Nurture in Psychology

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  1. Nature and Nurture in Psychology

  2. What are we made of? Nature Nurture All the environmental factors that affect us from conception to death Placental abnormalities Wholesome food and water Growing up in a household of smokers Bilingual or monolingual • Genetic Code • 46 Chromosomes • DNA • Mutations • Predispositions or the possibility of developing a disease

  3. How do we know what we know? Identical twins Fraternal twins Twins who develop from separate eggs. They are genetically no closer than any other brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment • Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms.

  4. Twin Studies • Collect and compare data on the intelligence levels of identical twins raised in the same home. • Collect and compare data on the intelligence levels of fraternal twins raised in the same home. • Compare the similarity in intelligence levels of the identical twins with the similarity in intelligence levels of the fraternal twins.

  5. What have we found? • Intelligence- Nature is at work • Personality- Nature is at work. This includes outgoing vs. shy and emotional stability. • Adopted children share traits with biological parents. • However, they score higher on IQ tests and are more involved in charity than biological parents. • Divorce rates- Nature is at work. Identical twins that divorce the chance goes up 5.5% vs. 1.6% in fraternal twins. BEHAVIOR IS NOT INHERITED, BUT PREDISPOSITION IS!

  6. Environment • Early Learning • If you don’t use it you lose it • A child raised in abusive isolation will never learn to read, write, or speak normal • Geometry seems like a different language to me now.

  7. Environment • Peer and Parent Influence • One of the most reliable predictors of dropout rate and failure in school is social rejection by one’s peer group. • Look at the quote on page 48.

  8. Environment • Cultural Influences • Culture is the shared attitudes, beliefs, norms, and behaviors of a group shared from one generation to the next • Norms are understood rules for accepted and expected behavior within a group • Individualism vs. collectivism • Asian culture vs. American culture • Japanese teens 3X more likely to worry about disappointing parents

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