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SOAPS-SToneS!. Gwah ? Whut - choo talkin ’ about, Mz . P?. Rhetorical Note: use of colloquial language and dialect. SOAPS-SToneS is…. a tool!. Sweet! We need all the tools we can get, right?. So…what’s it a tool for?. SOAPS-SToneS is a tool for….
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SOAPS-SToneS! Gwah? Whut-chootalkin’ about, Mz. P? Rhetorical Note: use of colloquial language and dialect
SOAPS-SToneS is… a tool!
SOAPS-SToneS is a tool for… …critically analyzing every aspect of text! This will have to be deliberate for you for a while, but… before too long, it will become quite automatic.
SOAPS-SToneS • S Subject • Not “what is it about” but “what topics/subjects are addressed in this passage?” • Always more than one! Be exhaustive!
SOAPS-SToneS • O Occasion • This is the context. This is the genesis. • What were the events and situations that encouraged/prompted the writing/speaking/publication? • Dates are only a part of it. Why here? Why now? What compelled the author to write? • (“What occasioned the writing of this piece?”)
SOAPS-SToneS • A Audience • Primary audience. (For whom is this piece intended?) • But also secondary audience (if any)… • and hoped-for audience. (Who might eavesdrop on this conversation?)
SOAPS-SToneS • P Purpose • The author’s agenda. • (“The author’s purpose is to ________.”) • If occasion is the beginning, purpose is the end.
SOAPS-SToneS • S Speaker The narrator. • Do not confuse this with the author, necessarily, even in non-fiction. • Technically, this includes both attitude and tone, though we’ll examine tone as its own “spot” in SOAPS-SToneS • Attitude = situation + opinion • Tone = the means by which an attitude is conveyed
SOAPS-SToneS • S Style • The individuality of the author. • What sets him/her apart from other authors? What unique patterns or repeated strategies does this author use?
SOAPS-SToneS • Tone Tone • Again, tone is the means by which the author’s attitude is conveyed. • Includes tone of voice. How do we closely examine tone? DIDLS • D Diction (word choice) • I Images (visual) • D Details • L Language (colloquial, informal, etc.) • S Syntax (the way in which words are put together; word order)
SOAPS-SToneS • S Scope • Decisions about what to include and what to exclude. • What does the author choose to include or skip? Why? • “A successful book is not made of what is in it, but what is left out of it.” —Mark Twain