INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR OF THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP NATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY

1. INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR OF THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP NATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY UNCTAD’s Entrepreneurship Policy Framework and Policy Guidance Brasilia June 26, 2012 Fiorina Mugione Chief, Entrepreneurship Section Division on Investment and Enterprise

2. The organization works to fulfill this mandate by carrying out three key functions It functions as a supported by discussions with experts and exchanges of experience, aimed at It undertakes research, policy analysis and data collection for the debates of government representatives and experts. It provides technical assistance tailored to the specific requirements of developing countries, with special attention to the needs of the least developed countries and of economies in transition. When appropriate, UNCTAD cooperates with other organizations and donor countries in the delivery of technical assistance. The organization works to fulfill this mandate by carrying out three key functions It functions as a supported by discussions with experts and exchanges of experience, aimed at It undertakes research, policy analysis and data collection for the debates of government representatives and experts. It provides technical assistance tailored to the specific requirements of developing countries, with special attention to the needs of the least developed countries and of economies in transition. When appropriate, UNCTAD cooperates with other organizations and donor countries in the delivery of technical assistance. • The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), established in 1964 • Promotes the development friendly integration of developing countries into the world economy • It carries out 3 main functions: • Forum for intergovernmental deliberations and consensus building • Undertakes research, policy analysis and data collection • Provides techincal assistance www.unctad.org

3. Entrepreneurship Programme 3 main areas of work: • Research, analysis and consensus building. Policy briefs, roadmaps, action plans • EMPRETEC: UNCTAD’sflagshipentrepreneurship programme helpspromising entrepreneurs to start, grow and developtheir businesses. Focus on entrepreneurial behaviours • Business Linkages betweenlarge corporations and domesticsuppliers.

4. Entrepreneurship policy itself is part of wider enterprise development and private sector development policies Policies to improve the general economic and business climate Private Sector Development Policy Entrepreneurship Policy Focus on unleashing entrepreneurial capacity and facilitating start-ups Focus on improving growth prospects of SMEs, providing industrial direction, building business infrastructure…

5. The UNCTAD Entrepreneurship Policy Framework comprises 6 areas that have a direct impact on entrepreneurial activity

8. Costa Rica: National Entrepreneurship Policy (2010-2014) • Rwanda: Entrepreneurship is embedded in the country’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (2008-2012) • South Africa: The City of Johannesburg developed a Youth Entrepreneurship Strategy and Policy Framework (2009) • Malaysia: In its Vision 2020, and in the 10th Malaysia Plan 2011-2015 the Prime Minister identifies entrepreneurship as a key element to generate economic growth and achieve the goals premised on higher income, inclusiveness and sustainability. • Singapore: The Entrepreneurship Development Agency • SPRING Singapore

11. Indonesia: Regional “Ease of Doing Business“ Benchmarks allows for more easily comparable conditions within the same country • and creates peer pressure for reform • Macedonia: One-Stop-Shop Business Registration enables entrepreneurs to register their business within 4 hours by visiting one office, obtaining the information from a single place, and addressing one employee • Zambia: Electronic Case Management System provides electronic referencing of cases, a database of laws and public access to court records • Panama: Panama Emprende is a new system for company registration, which allows people to open their business in a few minutes, in an electronic way • without the need for queues or burdensome procedures.

14. Panama: UNCTAD’s Empretec programme has been adapted To rural micro entrepreneurs with low levels of literacy in provincial Panama and Vietnam Brazil: The Entrepreneurial Methodologydesigned to support Entrepreneurship teaching in the school system (for youth from 4-17 years old) Indonesia: Ciputra Quantum Leap Entrepreneurship Centre Annual Entrepreneurship Teaching Conference Singapore: Singapore Managament University has developed courses in the creation of businesses, consulting to SMEs and finance for entrepreneurs

15. Perú : Instituto Peruano de Acción Empresarial An institution of higher education dedicated exclusively to entrepreneurs and whose faculty is composed of professors who are entrepreneurs Barbados: The Barbados Entrepreneurship Fund Dedicated to promoting entrepreneurship in the country. One of its key areas of work is « education and talent » Among its diverse activities, an annual contest is organized in high schools in which young students need to start a company with only 20$ Global: Endeavor helps high impact entrepreneurs around the World through consulting, mentoring, access to network of motivational and business leaders Global: Technoserve Business solutions Tt poverty

18. Argentina:FONSOFT (FiduciaryFund for the Promotion of the Software Industry) Offers non refundable contributions to entrepreneurs with business plans related to the development of software Global: UNCTAD’s Business Linkages Programme Supplier development programme, linking SMEs to the supply chains of large corporations Panamá: The Panama Business Accelerator in Knowledge City Is a space which focuses on the facilitation and acceleration of dynamic and competitive enterprises Egypt: The Ministry of Communications and Information Technology Launched a strategy to support SMEs in the field of ICT Chile:Corporation for the promotion of production Executive organism for the implementation of government policies in the area of entrepreneurship and innovation Brazil:Innovation Law of 2004 which provides support and incentive mechanisms to foster alliances between Universities, technological institutes and local enterprises

21. México: Nacional Financiera (NAFIN) offer on-line factoring services to SME suppliers Global: E+Co Venture Capital Fund is an international venture capital fund that specializes in providing debt and equity investments to small and medium-sized renewable energy entrepreneurs in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Perú: Caja Municipal Sullana is a network of municiapl savings banks that is the most important provider of financial services to SMEs in Peru. South Africa: A National Financial Charter came into effect in 2004. The main objective was to transform the financial sector into a leading force for the empowerment of black entrepreneurs Chile: Guarentee Fund for Small Entrepreneurs Is a Chilean public guarantee fund to increase access to finance by providing partial guarantees to banks for entrepreneurs who lack the necessary collateral to gain access to credit, or need longer maturities.

24. Global: Global Entrepreneurship Week is a global camapign to raise • awareness and promote entrepreneurship initiatives • Malaysia: Opportunities for entrepreneurs highlighted in • the New Economic Agenda • Colombia:Law for the Promotion of a Culture • of Entrepreneurship (2006) • South Africa: Youth Entrepreneurship Campaign is a partnership • for promoting youth entrepreneurship in the country • Chile: The Start-Up Chile programme has been • used as a platform by the Chilean government • to comunicate and positive image of entrepreneurship

25. Your analysis of the situation in your country: YES NO IN PART • Are there surveys for assessing the national entrepreneurial environment? • Do mechanisms, such as multi-stakeholder forums, exist to promote policy dialogue on entrepreneurship? • Does the country have a dedicated policy framework to promote entrepreneurship? Is there a national entrepreneurship strategy? • Is there clarity about the priorities and type of entrepreneurship that the country wants to encurage? • Are there specific policies in place to favour start-ups and SMEs? • Are there specific policies in place to ecourage the transition to the formal business sector?

26. Your analysis of the situation in your country: YES NO IN PART • Istheentrepreneurshippolicycloselycoordinatedwithothernationalpolicies? Isentrepreneurshipembedded in othernationalpolicies? • Isthere a ministry, agency of instituionchampioningentrepreneurship? Isthere a ministerial levelentity in charge of coordination of thestrategy? • Isthere a deliberatepolicytopromote formal entrepreneurialactivityamongspecificgroups of thepopulation? • Are therespecific targets ormeasurableobjectivestoincreaseentrepreneurialactivity? • Doesthegovernmentassesstheimpact of policymeasures? • Doesthegovernmentsupportregualrindependentpolicyevaluations? • Doesthegovernmentincorporatefeedbackfromlessonslearnt? • Isthereanannual (periodic) reportonthestate of entrepreneurship?

27. On On - - line line and and Policy objectives Policy objectives User guide User guide Inventory Inventory of of and and method method for for Key Key policy policy areas areas Best Practice Best Practice recommended recommended policy policy of the EPF of the EPF to to Policies Policies for for each each actions actions monitoring and monitoring and support support policy policy policy policy area area evaluation evaluation formulation* formulation* * * Available Available on on UNCTAD UNCTAD ’ ’ s s web web - - site • For each policy area: • policy objectives and recommended actions, • checklist of questions, • set of indicators to measure overall policy effectiveness, • on-line inventory of good practices, • Therefore the EPF provides a practical toolkit for the formulation, implementation and measurement of entrepreneurship policies

28. Recommendedapproach for policymakers First, policymakers need to identify opportunities and challenges in promoting enterprise development in general and entrepreneurship in particular, in the context of the overall national development strategy. Second, policymakers need to evaluate and benchmark the current environment in which entrepreneurs set up, operate and grow their businesses. Third, policymakers need to define the overall entrepreneurship strategy and priorities, in terms of objectives and targets as well as policy gaps and shortcomings. Fourth, taking into account country-specific conditions, policymakers need to design a focused set of initiatives to address gaps and shortcomings identified. Fifth,policymakersneed to regularly monitor and assess the impact of the policies put in place to ensure the relevance and the effectiveness of their actions.