Priority Standard PSc.2.1 Understand types, properties, and structure of matter.

1. Physical Science Priority Standard PSc.2.1Understand types, properties, and structure of matter.  Supporting Standards PSc.2.1.1 Classify matter as: homogeneous or heterogeneous; pure substance or mixture; element or compound; metals, nonmetals, or metalloids; solution, colloid, or suspension. PSc.2.1.2 Explain the phases of matter and the physical changes that matter undergoes. PSc.2.1.3 Compare physical and chemical properties of various types of matter.       Big Ideas Students will understand that … ·There are specific processes required to separate a mixture. ·Matter is classified based on its characteristics. ·Phases of matter are determined based on temperature, pressure, and density ·Matter undergoes physical changes including changes of phase. Essential Questions ·What techniques are used to separate a mixture? ·How is matter described, classified, and changed? ·How can I differentiate between the phases of matter? ·How does matter change from one phase to another?

2. States of Matter2.1.2 Matter 1. Anything that has massand takes space ·Gas ·Solid ·Liquid

3. Matter anything that has mass and takes up space mass the amount of matter in an object volumethe amount of space an object takes up Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter 1. all matter is composed of tiny particles density the amount of mass per unit of volume 2. These particles are in constant motion grams D = m 3. the amount of motion is proportional to temperature. Increased temperature means increased motion v mL or cm3 http://preparatorychemistry.com/KMT_flash.htm animation http://www.hhs.homewood.k12.al.us/~kreaves/KineticMolecularTheory.html

4. Density Problems CHEMISTRY name _______________________ DENSITY date ____________ period _____ 1. Determine the density of a metal if 27.35 grams has a volume of 9.08 cm3 . _____________________ 2. Metal A has a density of 1.89 g/cm3. The volume of metal A is 9.237 cm3. Determine the mass of metal A. _____________________ 3. Determine the volume of an object if the density is 3.69 g/cm3 and the mass is 49.06 grams. _____________________ 4. The density of wood is 0.512 g/cm3 . The volume of a piece of wood is 37.3 cm3. Determine the mass of the piece of wood. _____________________ 5. The mass of a gold block is 279.45 grams. The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3. Determine the volume of the gold block. _____________________ 6. Substance A has a mass of 3.69 grams and a volume of 4.53 cm3 . Determine the density. _____________________ 7. Does substance A (question 6) sink or float in water? _____________________ 8. Does substance A (question 6) sink or float in gasoline? _____________________ 9. Determine the density of a substance if the mass is 17.6 g and the volume is 15.23 cm3 . _____________________

5. Density Problems 10. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3 . What is the mass of a piece of aluminum if the volume is 8.70 cm3 ? _____________________ 11. A piece of metal has a volume of 35.47 cm3 and a mass of 196.2 g. Determine the density. _____________________ 12. A plastic ball has a volume of 25.3 cm3 and a mass of 18.06 g. Will the ball sink of float in water? _____________________ 13. The density of a metal is 15.4 g/cm3 . Determine the mass of a hunk of the metal if the volume of the is 6.378 grams. _____________________ 14. Determine the volume of a gas sample if the density of the gas is 0.00356 g/cm3 and the mass of the gas is 1.56 grams. _____________________ 15. Determine the mass of a gas sample if the density of the gas is 0.0145 g/cm3 and the volume of the gas sample is 8.54 cm3 . _____________________ 16. Determine the density of a gas sample if the mass of the gas is 5.75 grams and the volume of the gas sample is 29.60 cm3 . _____________________ 17. Determine the mass of a sample of titanium if the volume of the titanium is 46.7 cm3whil. _____________________

6. States of Matter Solid Definite shape Definite volume Incompressible Little expansion upon heating Molecular movement very slow

7. States of Matter ·Liquid Shape of container Definite volume Incompressible Slight expansion upon heating Molecules move around each other in flowing manner

8. States of Matter ·Gas Shape of container Volume of container Highly compressible High level of expansion upon heating Molecules move in a random, chaotic manner ~ entropy

9. States of Matter ·Plasma Definition: Plasma is a distinct phase of matter, separate from the traditional solids, liquids, and gases. It is a collection of charged particles that respond strongly and collectively to electromagnetic fields, taking the form of gas-like clouds or ion beams. Since the particles in plasma are electrically charged (generally by being stripped of electrons), it is frequently described as an "ionized gas." Plasma was first identified (as "radiant mattter") by Sir William Crookes in 1879. Sir J.J. Thomson identified the nature of the matter in 1897. It was Irving Langmuir who assigned the term "plasma" in 1928. It is odd to consider that plasma is actually the most common phase of matter, especially since it was the last one discovered. Flame, lightning, interstellar nebulae, stars, and even the empty vastness of space are all examples of the plasma state of matter. http://physics.about.com/od/glossary/g/plasma.htm

12. Virtual labs for states of matter http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/E17/E17.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/physics/states-of-matter.html

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14. Phase Changes of Matter PSc.2.1.2 Explain the Phases of Matter and the physical changes that matter undergoes. · How does matter change from one phase to another? ·How can I differentiate between the phases of matter?

15. Phase Changes of Matter Matter changing from one state to another Based on temperature, pressure, and density Which one is this phase change based on?

16. Phase Changes of Matter Physical Property of Matter All matter can change its state http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_changes.html

17. Phase Changes of Matter Law of Conservation of Matter matter cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction ~ just changes from one state to another http://employees.oneonta.edu/viningwj/modules/CI_law_of_conservation_of_matter_4_3.html Law of Conservation of Mass mass cannot be created or destroyed, but changed into different forms. http://www.docbrown.info/page04/4_73calcs03com.htm

18. Phase Change Diagram 1000 Celsius 00 Celsius

19. 2120 F 320 F http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&biw=1024&bih=557&tbm=isch&tbnid=qujGxkU1-GrQcM%3A&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AWater_Phase_Change_Diagram.png&docid=QRq13g_Q-EUCUM&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fe%2Fe5%2FWater_Phase_Change_Diagram.png&w=848&h=457&ei=w0npUrbtMIPVkQfc_4DACA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=531&page=1&start=0&ndsp=6&ved=0CGQQrQMwAw

33. Phase Changes of Matter Virtual Lab http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter http://www.learningscience.org/psc3bstrucpropmatter.htm

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35. Properties of Matter Physical Chemical

36. Properties of Matter2.1.3 copper.org ·Physical Property Any characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing what the substance is made of ~ composition EX. color, solubility, odor, hardness, density, phase changes (mp,bp,fp), viscosity (resistance to flowing), hardness, conductivity, malleability, ductility webwormcpt.blogspot.com scienceclarified.com blogs.indium.com

37. Properties of Matter 2.1.3 ·Physical Change Change in matter that does not change its identity Change in matter that does not change its composition EXAMPLES: Cutting into, freezing, evaporating, compressing,boiling makewav.es superstock.com dreamstime.com

38. Properties of Matter ·Chemical Property The ability of substances to undergo chemical reactions and to form new substances desidime.com Flammmability ~ materials that can burn Combustibility ~ materials that can explode Reactivity ~ How substances will react with other substances EX. rust, burn, rot, decompose, ferment, explosive, corrosive wine-searcher.com businessinsider.com scimed-process-safety.co.uk Flammmability Combustibility

39. Properties of Matter ·Chemical Change Transforms one type of matter into another kind, which may have different properties The change of a substance into a different substance produces reacts neutralizes chemical reaction

40. Signs of Chemical Change 1. Production of Gas ----> Fizzing/Bubbling 2. Formation of Precipitate ------> insoluble solid 3. Color Change 4. Release of Energy ------> light or explosion harpercollege.edu

41. Properties of Matter ·Chemical Change Reactants (starting substances) become products (ending substances) Four Indicators of a Chemical Change 1. Gas is produced 2. Color change occurs (may also be physical) 3. Energy in the form of heat is either released or absorbed 4. Precipitate is produced

42. Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties of Matter Worksheet Classify the following as chemical change (cc), chemical property (cp), physical change (pc), or physical property (pp). 1. _____ Heat conductivity 8. _____ Combustible 2. _____ Silver tarnishing 9. _____ Water freezing 3. _____ sublimation 10. _____ Wood burning 4. _____ magnetizing steel 11. _____ Acid resistance 5. _____ length of metal object 12. _____ Brittleness 6. _____ shortening melting 13. _____ Milk souring 7. _____ exploding dynamite 14. _____ baking bread Identify the following as being true or false to the left of the sentence. _____ 15. A change in size or shape is a physical change. _____ 16. A chemical change means a new substance with new properties was formed. _____ 17. An example of a chemical change is when water freezes. _____ 18. When platinum is heated, then cooled to its original state, we say this is a physical change. _____ 19. When milk turns sour, this is a physical change because a change in odor does not indicate a chemical change. _____ 20. When citric acid and baking soda mix, carbon dioxide is produced and the temperature decreases. This must be a chemical change. Identify each of the following as a physical or chemical change. 21. _____ You leave your bicycle out in the rain and it rusts. 22. _____ A sugar cube dissolves. 23. _____ Scientist break-up water into oxygen and hydrogen gas. 24. _____ Burning coal for a barbecue. 25. ______ Trimming a bush because it has grown too tall.

44. Identify each of the following as an example of a physical property or a chemical property. 1. Silver tarnishes when it comes in contact with hydrogen sulfide in the air. 2. A banana is yellow. 3. A sheet of copper can be pounded into a bowl. 4. Barium melts at 725 C. 5. Gasoline is flammable. 6. A diamond is the hardest natural substance. 7. Helium does not react with any other element. 8. A bar of lead is more easily bent than is a bar of aluminum of the same size. 9. Potassium metal is kept submerged in oil to prevent contact with oxygen or water. 10. An apple will turn brown is left in oxygen. 11. Diamond dust can be used to cut or grind most other materials. 12. Acid in tomato sauce can corrode aluminum foil. 13. Rocks containing carbonates can be identified because they fizz when hydrochloric acid is applied. 14. A piece of charcoal, which is mostly the substance carbon, glows red, gives off heat, and becomes a gray ash.

45. Virtual Lab for Properties of Matter Physical and Chemical Properties http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/BL01/BL01.html Turn in results http://vital.cs.ohio.edu/?page_id=161 go through tutorial

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47. Classification of Matter2.1.1 Two Broad Classifications Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Homogeneous / Solutions Compounds Heterogeneous/ Suspensions

48. Classification of Matter Pure Substances: Elements and Compounds Have a definite and consistent composition They cannot be broken down into anything else by physical or chemical means.

49. Classification of Matter Pure Substances:elements and compounds 1. Elements- Simplest form of pure substance. - Consist of only one type of atom - On periodic table ~ have a symbol EX. oxygen, iron, carbon, silver

50. Three Types of Elements 1. Metals Solids, malleable, ductile, good conductors, mercury the only liquid at room temperature. Largest group of elements. 2.Nonmetals Solids and gases, brittle, poor conductors. Bromine the only liquid at room temperature. 3.Metalloids Share properties of both. Smallest group of elements.