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Technical Search Specialist Course

Technical Search Specialist Course. Module 5 Unit 2: Global Positioning System (GPS). Terminal Objective. Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to Operate the Garmin GPSMAP 60 Csx. Enabling Objectives.

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Technical Search Specialist Course

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  1. Technical Search Specialist Course Module 5 Unit 2: Global Positioning System (GPS)

  2. Terminal Objective Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to Operate the Garmin GPSMAP 60 Csx

  3. Enabling Objectives • Describe the basic segments and principles of the global positioning satellite (GPS) system • Explain waypoints • Identify and describe the errors, concerns and considerations related to GPS • Demonstrate the use of the Garmin GPSMAP 60 Csx

  4. II. Introduction to GPS

  5. The Global Positioning System (GPS) • A worldwide radio navigation system • A constellation of 24 orbital satellites • Funded by DoD • Originally made for military to launch submarine based missiles more accurately

  6. Four Primary Functions of GPS GPS provides: • Position and coordinates • The distance and direction between any two waypoints, or a position and a waypoint • Travel progress reports • Accurate time measurement

  7. So why do you need GPS? During a mission you • Need to know where you are • Need to know where are you going • Need to find your way back

  8. GPS Segments • Satellite segment • Control segment • User segment

  9. Space Segment Satellite Segment User Segment Control Segment GroundAntennas Monitor Stations Master Station

  10. GPS Monitor Stations • Hawaii • Ascension Island • Diego Garcia • Kwajalein • Colorado Springs

  11. Master Control Station Monitor Station Ground Antenna GPS Monitor Stations US Space Command Cape Canaveral Hawaii Kwajalein Atoll Ascension Island Diego Garcia

  12. User Segment • Military • Civilian

  13. III. GPS Cautions and Considerations

  14. Cautions/Considerations • Satellite geometry • Overhead view clear • Tall buildings • Satellite dishes • Microwaves • Heavy trees/environmental • Multipath • Atmospheric effects

  15. Errors Using GPS • Problems at the satellite • Atomic clocks • “Ephemeris” errors • Intentional Errors • "Selective Availability" • Military receivers use a decryption key to remove the SA errors

  16. Errors Using GPS (continued) • On May 1, 2000 Selective Availability was turned off • However,can be turned on at any time by government

  17. Gotcha’s Using GPS • Common Map Datums • GPS Almanac Updates • Control segment orbital corrections need to be downloaded • Moving the GPS while turned off • If moved more than 300 miles need to either • Re-Initialize • Allow unit time to self-update (can take up to 20 minutes)

  18. Gotcha’s Using GPS (continued) • Parallel versus Single Channel Receivers • Single Channel receive data one satellite at a time • Loss of satellite signal - unit must re-acquire satellite lock • Parallel Channel receivers can receive from multiple satellites simultaneously • Loss of signal from any one or two satellites will not cause a loss of satellite lock

  19. Gotcha’s Using GPS (continued) • Not allowing enough time for triangulation • No standard unit for US&R teams

  20. Conclusions Remember … • GPS is not a compass • GPS tells you the direction you are moving • Carry extra batteries • Water resistant is better • Antenna considerations

  21. Enabling Objectives • Understand GPS unit controls. • Describe GPS unit pages. • Clear out track logs, routes, & waypoints. • Set up a GPS unit. • Make a track log, create waypoints, & project waypoints. • Navigate to waypoints, addresses, & points of interest using the Find function. • Use the Track Back feature. • Create a route.

  22. Garmin GPSMAP 60Cx Features

  23. The GPSMAP Key Layout POWER Key IN/OUT Zoom Keys ROCKER Key FIND/MOB Key PAGE/COMPASS Key MARK Key MENU Key QUIT Key ENTR Key

  24. Power Considerations Two AA batteries, USB cable, 12v DC adapter Battery Life: 18 hours Alkaline batteries lose capacity in low temps Lithium batteries in below freezing temperatures Extensive use of backlighting, electronic compass, and audible tones significantly reduce battery life Battery Compartment Memory Card Location

  25. Power On the GPS Press and hold the Power key Title screen appears Satellite status page Title Screen Satellite Status

  26. Satellite Status Page Searching / Acquiring 2D Fix (3 Satellites) Horizon 45º from the horizon 3D Fix (4+ Satellites) Heading bug – travel direction Satellite signal strength

  27. Main Pages Cycle through pages using PAGE or QUIT Satellite Trip Map Compass Altimeter (CSx Model) Main Menu

  28. Main Menu Press MENU button twice for Main Menu 2 X

  29. Main Menu Battery Power / Level Auxiliary Power Searching / Acquiring 2D Fix (3 Satellites) 3D Fix (4+ Satellites) Backlight Usage USB Cable Connection Electronic Compass On GPSmap 60CS GPSmap 60CSx

  30. Adjusting Screen Settings • To minimize battery drain, limit or turn off backlight: Press and quickly release the POWER button Press up on ROCKER to increase, down to decrease Press ENTER or QUIT to close Backlight adjustment window

  31. System Setup Pages

  32. System Setup Page • Press MENU twice for Main Menu, select SETUP and press ENTER • Important Setup Pages: • System • Display • Time • Units • Heading • Calibration

  33. SETUP: System • GPS • Normal - for everyday use • Demo - for indoor training • WAAS • Enabled • Battery Type • Alkaline • NiMH • Proximity Alarms • On

  34. SETUP: Display • Display Mode • Auto – Switch between Day and Night modes at sunrise and sunset. • Backlight Timeout • On continuous or timed. Setting ignored if external power is used. • Backlight Level • Backlight setting will increase or decrease battery life

  35. SETUP: Time • Time Format • Set to 24 hour format • Time Zone • Time zone for the area of operations • UTC Offset • Changes with Time Zone • Daylight Savings Time • Set to Auto

  36. SETUP: Units • Position Format • USNG – United States National Grid (DHS Standard) • MGRS – Military Grid Reference System • hdddºmm.mmm’ • Map Datum • WGS 84 • NAD27 CONUS – USGS Maps

  37. SETUP: Heading • North Reference – Specifies the type or north reference used to calculate your heading • Set to ‘True’

  38. Tracks

  39. Track Log Creates an electronic ‘breadcrumb’ trail or track log while you travel Each point in the track contains information on time, location, elevation and depth

  40. Track Log • To Access Track Logs: MENU button twice for the Main Menu screen Select TRACKS and press Enter

  41. Track Log On/Off toggle Percentage of memory used List of saved Tracks Remaining available logs

  42. Track Log : Clearing • To clear the track log: Highlight Clear and press Enter Confirmation message appears – Press Yes

  43. Track Log : Set Up • To set up a track log: Highlight Setup and press Enter to open the Track Log Set Up Page Data Card Option

  44. Track Log : TracBack • To use the TracBack feature: With Saved Tracks Page for the track or the Track Log open, highlight TracBack and press Enter Once the map is displayed, use the Rocker to move the pointer to a point on the map and press Enter Select Follow Road or Follow Track Follow the direction arrow To exit, press Menu then Stop Navigation

  45. Waypoints

  46. Waypoints • Waypoints are locations you record and store in your GPS • Waypoints created in 3 ways: Press the MARK key while at a location Create a waypoint on the map page Enter the coordinates for a waypoint manually

  47. Waypoints: Circle of Error X

  48. Waypoints: Available Map Symbols GPSmap 60C Display

  49. Waypoints: Common Abbreviations POD- Point of Departure BoO- Base of Operations Fwd BOO- Forward Base of operations Stg- Staging Utl- Utilities Apt- Apartment Air- Airport • PX- Picture (note direction of photo) • HAZ- Hazards • H-1- Helispot 1 • Hosp- Hospital • Str- Structure • Sz- Safety Zone • POA- Point of Arrival

  50. Waypoints: Mark Current Location • To mark your current location: Press and hold the MARK key until the Mark Waypoint page appears To accept the waypoint with the default information highlight OK and press Enter Icon Waypoint Name Notes Coordinate

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