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Drs Anthony Bednar, Roy Sidle, and Carol Babyak 12 March 2010. Geochemistry Breakout Session. Ultimate Answer. Characterization, relative to the environment What is fly ash, what makes it unique Standard methods may not apply SW-846, ASTM, should they be modified for industry usefulness
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Drs Anthony Bednar, Roy Sidle, and Carol Babyak 12 March 2010 Geochemistry Breakout Session
Ultimate Answer • Characterization, relative to the environment • What is fly ash, what makes it unique • Standard methods may not apply • SW-846, ASTM, should they be modified for industry usefulness • TCLP vs SPLP vs ??? • Speciation • Total metals are not enough! • Mobility, bioavailability, toxicity
Current Research Efforts/Data Gaps Expansion of Riverine Sediment Characterization Regulatory Descriptors for Ash Leaching potential Different methods, TCLP/SPLP/Bioavailability Metal contaminant/speciation Decision units MIS sampling, getting a representative sample Speciation/Characterization of Ash Bioavailability Geochemistry does not equal Biochemistry Organics in Ash Secondary contaminants vs affect on metal mobility Groundwater vs Surface water vs solids/sediments Differentiation between New and Legacy contamination
Coordination Geochemistry and Bio/Tox need to coordinate What is bioavailable? Do we use this to help classify ash What form of metals do Tox studies need to spike with or use as contaminant? Speciation effects of metals, each as different biogeochemical properties In vivo simulations for bioavailability Tie geochemical availability to bioavailability Collaboration and Communications How do we know who is doing what Getting the right people together Broader approach, expand to industry wide applications
Redundant Efforts How many non-detects are sufficient to demonstrate metals leaching to surface waters Some always required for regulatory purposes But, how many could be cut? How many wildlife studies are needed to show no trophic transfer T&E or sensitive species Analogous to excessive chemistry non-detects What trophic levels should be studied Lower levels first Need to improve collaboration and communication
TVA Priorities Characterization Development of Standard Methods Stability of fly ash in different evironments Particularly time stability Industry-wide applications Recycling of fly ash Need input to Regulators to help them make a decision Emphasizes need for Characterization Multidisciplinary studies Emphasizes collaboration/communication Reduces redundancy Long Term Monitoring of Perry County Landfill Stability of fly ash over time Characterization