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Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity and Magnetism. CSIRO Education ACT. A Historical Perspective. Some key figures Thales of Miletus (600BC) Rubs amber and documents creation of a charge Dr William Gilbert (1600) Coined the word electricity from the Greek word elektron meaning amber Robert Boyle (1675)

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Electricity and Magnetism

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  1. Electricity and Magnetism CSIRO Education ACT

  2. A Historical Perspective • Some key figures • Thales of Miletus (600BC) • Rubs amber and documents creation of a charge • Dr William Gilbert (1600) • Coined the word electricity from the Greek word elektron meaning amber • Robert Boyle (1675) • Observes attraction and repulsion • Stephen Gray (1729) • Experiments with conductors and insulators • Benjamin Franklin (1752) • Proves that lightning and static electricity are the same • Alessandro Volta (1793) • First batteries • Michael Faraday (1821) • First electric motor • Thomas Edison (1878-79) • First commercial electrical energy distribution network • Nikola Tesla (1888) • Invents rotating field AC alternator CSIRO.

  3. What is Electricity? • Electricity • More commonly associated with electrical power • Includes; • Electric charge • Electric current • Electric field • Electric potential • Electromagnetism • How do we get it? • Fossil Fuels • Coal, gas, diesel • Nuclear • Renewable Sources • Wind, solar, geothermal, hydro CSIRO.

  4. Conductors and Insulators • Conductors • Conduct electricity • Insulators • Do not conduct electricity • In the classroom • Testing using an open circuit with a light or buzzer • Make a conductivity tester • Good opportunity to discuss safety CSIRO.

  5. Static Electricity • What is it? • Separation of negative and positive charges • Van der Graaf generator • In the classroom • Balloons • Socks on carpet • Synthetic materials • Tricks of the trade • Humidity • Discharging • Hair spray CSIRO.

  6. Electrical Current • Alternating Current (AC) • Periodically changes direction • Is the form electrical power is delivered to homes and businesses • Direct Current (DC) • Flows in one direction • Used in batteries • Affects on the body • Heart • Other muscles • Skin CSIRO.

  7. Electric Circuits • The Jargon • Open/broken • Closed • Short • Series • Parallel • In the classroom • Turning lights on • Interpreting circuit diagrams • CSIRO Education • Madlab CSIRO.

  8. Circuit Diagram Battery Speaker Switch CSIRO.

  9. What is Magnetism? • Magnetism • A property of materials that respond to a magnetic field • Magnetic Field • On Earth • Magnetic North at South Pole • Magnetic South at North Pole • Why? • Attraction and Repulsion • Opposites • Likes CSIRO.

  10. What materials are magnetic? • Permanent Magnets • Iron • Nickel • Cobalt • Rare earth elements (e.g. neodymium) • Temporary Magnets • Electromagnets • Copper wire coil • Magnetic field enhanced by wrapping coil around other materials CSIRO.

  11. What materials are magnetic? • In the classroom • Testing for magnetism • Drawing magnetic fields • Make your own iron filings • Testing strength • Science by Email Activities • Making a motor • Magnetic Rocket • Confusing a compass • Magnetic Sculpture • Antigrav magnets • Extracting iron from cereal • Magnetic Slime • Tricks of the Trade • Magnets can jump • Pacemakers • Splinters CSIRO.

  12. Electromagnets • What is it? • An electric current creates a magnetic field • Strong magnetic field created in the centre of the coil • Why? • Can be switched on and off • Can vary the strength of the field • In the classroom • Where is it used? Why? • Make your own electromagnet • Tricks of the trade • Heat CSIRO.

  13. Contact Us Phone: 1300 363 400 or +61 3 9545 2176 Email: enquiries@csiro.au Web: www.csiro.au Thank you CSIRO Education ACT Femke Matthews Education Officer Phone: 02 6246 5229 Email: Femke.Matthews@csiro.au Web: www.csiro.au/educationact CSIRO.

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