Unit III - Planning

1. Central Philippine University School of Graduate Studies Lopez-Jaena Street, Iloilo City LESSON PRESENTATION Unit III - Planning MARIA REYLAN M. GARCIA, R.N.

2. Objectives At the end of the interactive discussion, the graduate students will be able to: • Define planning as an element of management and of nursing practice • Arrange the different components of the planning hierarchy • Identify the reasons or purposes of planning

3. Objectives • Differentiate the four modes/orientations of planning and the different types of planning • Describe the strategic planning process using the 9-method approach • Differentiate the budgeting methods of fiscal planning

4. Objectives • Criticize a planned expenditure using a decision package of the Zero-based budgeting approach • Verbalize the importance of the components of planning hierarchy in the entire dynamics of an organization • Make a personal vision, mission and philosophy

5. Topic Outline • DEFINITION OF PLANNING • Planning in the Management Process • Planning in Nursing • Planning Hierarchy • REASONS/PURPOSES OF PLANNING • TYPES OF PLANNING • Modes/Orientation • Strategic Planning

6. Operational Planning • Fiscal Planning • Tactical Planning Topic Outline

7. Introduction He, who fails to plan, plans to fail. Failure is not an option in nursing. Plans may become the best weapons.

8. Definition Planning is deciding in advance what to do; who is to do it; and how, when, and where it is to be done.

9. Definition • Henry Fayol • wise use of resources and the selection of the best approaches • proactive and deliberate process PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

10. Definition • skills like vision, creativity, flexibility and energy • continuous process • management functions are interdependent PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

11. Definition • Nurse administrators do not want to leave events to chance • provide nursing care desired and needed by the clients PLANNING IN NURSING

12. Definition Vision and Mission PLANNING HIERARCHY Philosophy Goals and Objectives Policies and Procedures Rules

13. Definition • Vision statements are used to describe future goals of the organization. • Mission statements are brief statements identifying the reason why an organization exists. VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS

14. Definition • The philosophy flows from the mission statement and then delineates the set of values and beliefs that guides all actions of the organization. PHILOSOPHY STATEMENTS

15. Definition • A goal is the direct result toward which effort is directed; it is the aim of the philosophy. • Objectives are similar to goals; but they are more specified and measurable than goals because they identify how and when the goal is to be accomplished. GOALS AND OBJECIVES

16. Definition • Policies are plans reduced into statements or instructions that direct organizations in their decision-making. • Procedures are plans that establish customary or acceptable ways of accomplishing a specific task and delineate a sequence of steps of required action. POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

17. Definition • Rules and regulations are plans that define specific action or nonaction. RULES

18. Activity • VISION • MISSION • PHILOSOPHY WRITE YOUR OWN

19. Reasons • increases the chances of success • forces analytic thinking and evaluation of alternatives • establishes a framework for decision making • orients people to action rather than reaction • includes day-to-day and future-focused managing

20. helps avoid crisis management and provides decision-making flexibility. • basis for managing organizational and individual performance • increases employee involvement and improves communication • cost-effective Reasons

21. Types • Reactivism • Inactivism • Preactivism • Proactivism MODES / ORIENTATION

22. Types • short-term planning • Lower-level units • The plans only span for one year or less because of short-term goals. TACTICAL PLANNING

23. Types • long-term planning • involves a long period, usually three to ten years • forecasts the future success of an organization STRATEGIC PLANNING

24. Types 9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

25. Types 9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

26. Types 9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

27. Types • The Mission and the Creed • Data Collection and Analysis • Assess strengths and weaknesses • Goals and Objectives • Strategies 9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

28. Types • Timetable • Operational and Functional Plans • Implementation • Evaluation 9 PHASES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

29. Types • This is the written blueprint for achieving objectives • management plan • Support tactical plans OPERATIONAL PLANNING

30. Types • It is forecasting the costs of the organization based on current and projected needs. • Budget estimates expenditures and revenues by an agent for a stated future period. FISCAL PLANNING

31. Types • Incremental Budgeting • Flexible Budgeting • New Performance Budgeting • Zero-based Budgeting 4 COMMON BUDGETING METHODS

32. Types • This type of budgeting method does not automatically assume that since a program has been funded previously, it should continue to be funded. ZERO-BASED BUDGETING

33. Types On implementing a mandatory Hepatitis B vaccination program at a nursing school • Objectives • Driving Forces • Restraining Forces ZERO-BASED BUDGETING: EXAMPLE

34. Types On implementing a mandatory Hepatitis B vaccination program at a nursing school • Alternative 1 • Alternative 2 • Alternative 3 ZERO-BASED BUDGETING: EXAMPLE

35. References • Marquis, B., & Huston, C. (2009). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application 6th edition. 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins • Roussel, L. (2006). Nursing Management and Leadership 4th edition. 40 Tall Pine Drive, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishing, Inc. • CliffsNotes. (2012). Detailing Types of Plans. Retrieved January 10, 2012, from http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Detailing-Types-of-Plans.topicArticleId-8944,articleId-8871.html