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CSD 5400 REHABILITATION PROCEDURES FOR THE HARD OF HEARING

CSD 5400 REHABILITATION PROCEDURES FOR THE HARD OF HEARING. Course Overview Definitions, Prevalence, Myths, and Other Concerns. Course Purpose. During the semester, we will be exploring six fundamental areas related to aural (re)habilitation:

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CSD 5400 REHABILITATION PROCEDURES FOR THE HARD OF HEARING

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  1. CSD 5400REHABILITATION PROCEDURES FOR THE HARD OF HEARING Course Overview Definitions, Prevalence, Myths, and Other Concerns

  2. Course Purpose During the semester, we will be exploring six fundamental areas related to aural (re)habilitation: Auditory perception of speech and the effects of HL on speech understanding Visual stimuli in communication including speechreading and manual communication Amplification including “hearing aids” and cochlear implants Language and speech characteristics of deaf and hard of hearing children Hearing loss and identity including psychosocial issues Educational management of hard of hearing and deaf children

  3. Course Requirements Exams (30%) Two exams total 1 in-class 1 take-home Final exam is NOT comprehensive Reflection papers (30%) 3 required Related to feature films viewed in class Oral and written clinical problems (40%)

  4. Definitions of Deafness Webster’s dictionary defines deaf as totally or partially unable to hear Professionals in the field of hearing; audiologists, ear, nose, and throat physicians, or hearing aid dispensers, normally address the term deaf or deafness to mean someone who is not able to hear and understand speech no matter how loud it is

  5. Definitions of Deafness The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) defines deafness as "a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification."

  6. Definitions of Deafness From Office of Special Education: “Deafness is a hearing impairment which is so severe that the child's hearing, with amplified sound, is nonfunctional for the purposes of educational performance”

  7. Definitions of Deafness This is a disability that is multi-dimensional Depending on the author of the definition and their perspective (educational, medical, audiological, etc), the definition will differ.

  8. Prevalence National Center for Health Statistics in 1999 reported about 22 million people in the United States have some degree of hearing loss

  9. Prevalence Rate By Age

  10. Prevalence From the 1999 National Center for Health Statistics: Severe to profound deafness affects about 0.5% of the general U.S. population 0.1% of these are kids

  11. Prevalence In the 1996-1997 school year: 1.3% of kids who received special ed services were hearing impaired 25% of kids who are deaf have another disability

  12. Myths and Misconceptions of the Deaf

  13. 1. Deaf People Can’t Hear Anything • The degree of hearing loss is a continuum • Deafness has a cultural perspective

  14. 2. Most Deafness is Caused by a Fever or Sickness Most causes of deafness are due to genetic factors Nonsyndromal recessive genetic inheritance

  15. 3. All Deaf Children Have Deaf Parents Deaf children having two deaf parents comprise about 3-4% of the deaf population Over 80% of children born to deaf parents have normal hearing

  16. 4. All Deaf People Can Read Lips Drawbacks to lipreading: • Only 50% of English speech sounds are visible • A lot of speech sounds look alike on the lips • In order to benefit from speechreading, you need to have a good command of the language • Speechreading is really tiring

  17. 5. All Deaf People Know Sign Language Many deaf people are oral only There are a number of (different) forms of manual communication

  18. 6. All Deaf People Are Mute The speech production ability is really varied

  19. 7. Deaf People Can’t Read Reading is a language-based skill Most deaf adults achieve an average reading ability comparable to a 4th grade level

  20. 8. Deaf Children Don’t Attend School Before the 1970s, at least half of all deaf children attended state residential schools for the deaf By 1984, 74% of all school-aged deaf children attended day classes while living at home and 15% of deaf students attended regular classes with normal hearing kids on a full time basis Today 30% of deaf school-age kids attend special schools

  21. 9. Deaf People Aren’t Intelligent Intelligence and language level are closely connected “Deaf and dumb”

  22. 10. Deaf People Have More Mental Health Problems Cultural differences

  23. 11. Hearing Aids Allow the Deaf to Hear Speech Normally What do hearing aids do? Cochlear implants

  24. 12. All Deaf People Wish They Could hear Normally Is deafness really a “disability”? Deaf--with a capital “D”

  25. 13. Deaf People Can’t or Shouldn’t Drive President’s Advisory Committee on Traffic Safety in 1968 found that deaf listeners were involved in 1/4 as many traffic accidents as hearing people 97% of warning signals are visual

  26. 14. Deaf People Can’t Work • American With Disabilities Act of 1990

  27. 15. Deaf People are Quiet and Antisocial Please!!

  28. Rehabilitative Audiology Now that we’ve reviewed some characteristics related to hearing loss and deafness, let’s turn our attention to the purpose of this course; namely, aural rehabilitation

  29. Definition of Audiologic Rehabilitation The professional efforts designed to help a person with a hearing loss. These include services and procedures for lessening or compensating for a hearing loss and specifically involve facilitating adequate receptive and expressive communication

  30. WHO Classification System

  31. A Current Model of AR

  32. CORE Portion (Assessment)

  33. CARE Portion (Management)

  34. An Important Question… In what ways and to what degree does hearing loss or deafness affect an individual?

  35. Variables That Affect Activity Participation Degree of impairment What amount of auditory cues is available? How are the temporal relations of speech preserved? How well can the listener integrate partial information from a variety of sources?

  36. Variables That Affect Activity Participation Age of onset Prelingual (birth) Postlingual (after age 5 or so) Deafened (adulthood)

  37. Variables That Affect Activity Participation Site of lesion Conductive, sensorineural, central Family support Other factors Presence of other disabilities Availability of special services

  38. How Well Is Hearing Impairment Served? Both children and adult hard of hearing listeners are underserved Children Issues related to identification Provision of appropriate amplification and educational services Adults Most don’t seek services related to amplification or ways to improve effective communication

  39. Why?? Stigma Cost Confusing service delivery system Low interest/motivation What can we do to promote these services??

  40. Americans WithDisabilities Act Federal law passed in 1990 that guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with hearing loss in employment, public accomodations, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications “Here’s to the ADA” video

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