Arizona Settlement

1. Arizona Settlement

2. Conquistadors • Early Spanish explorers and soldiers were known as conquistadors • Conquistadors took control of the people living in South America and colonized the Southwest Hernando de Soto Hernando Cortes Pizarro

3. Presidios • Presidios were forts built by the Spanish in order to protect themselves from the Native Americans Presidio School House

4. Father Kino • He was a Catholic missionary and priest • He worked peacefully with the Tohono O’odham and respected their culture. • He taught the Native Americans to grow wheat and raise livestock • The Native Americans taught him to speak their language and helped Father Kino to build missions

5. Cabeza de Vaca • He was a Spanish explorer who claimed lands in what is now Florida • He traveled with an enslaved African American named Estevan looking for • On their travels they heard stories of the 7 cities of gold. • After they were rescued they told the stories of the cities of gold. This caused other explorers to look for these cities.

6. Reservation • A reservation is land set aside for Native Americans. • Many different Native American tribes were forced to live together. • Many children were sent to boarding schools and they couldn’t wear their own clothing or speak their own language.

7. Apache Tribe • The Apache were known as skilled horse riders and warriors. • They kept few belongings because they never stayed in one place too long. • They hunted bison and gathered plants for food.

8. Primary Source • Primary sources are usually letters, records or other documents created during the period that is being studied • Examples of primary sources would be a journal written by Cabeza de Vaca or a letter written by a soldier to his family

9. Secondary Source • A secondary source of information is one that was created later by someone who did not experience first-hand or participate in the events • Examples of secondary sources are text books, biographies, newspaper articles, and stories

10. Control of North America • By the 1700’s North America is controlled mostly by Britain and France • The United States receives it’s freedom from Britain in 1776.