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African American Adolescents’ And Parents’ Changing Conceptions of Parental Authority

Study on African American teens' and parents' views on parental authority in moral, conventional, prudential, personal, multifaceted, and friendship issues. Growth curve modeling and regression analysis used to examine changes in parental authority and adolescent adjustment measures.

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African American Adolescents’ And Parents’ Changing Conceptions of Parental Authority

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  1. African American Adolescents’ And Parents’ Changing Conceptions of Parental Authority Judith Smetana Hugh F. Crean Nicole Campione-Barr Presented at SRCD, 2003 University of Rochester

  2. Domains of Parental Authority • Moral: Acts that affect others’ rights or welfare • Social-Conventional: Arbitrary, agreed-on, contextual norms (like etiquette & manners) that structure social interactions • Prudential: Acts pertaining to comfort, safety, harm to the self • Personal: Preferences or choices that only affect the actor (e.g., privacy, control over one’s body) • Multifaceted/ Friendship :Acts that have overlapping conventional and personal components (e.g. the state of the teen’s room) or conventional, personal, & psychological components

  3. Parental Authority Stimulus Items • Moral - breaking promises, lying to parents, hitting siblings, stealing money • Conventional -cursing, using bad manners, talking back, not doing chores • Prudential -drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, doing drugs • Personal- sleeping late on weekends, how to spend allowance money, choosing own clothes or hairstyles • Multifaceted - not cleaning bedroom, wearing multiple earrings, watching cable TV, staying out late • Friendship - seeing friends that parents don’t like, doing things with friends rather than parents, when to start dating

  4. Growth Curve Modeling • Multilevel models of change run using SEM to compare mothers’ & adolescents’ trajectories of change • Slope indicators constrained to 0, 2, 5 • Models run first with intercepts (& slopes) unconstrained & then again constraining the intercepts (& slopes) to be equal • If the fit does not change significantly between the 2 models, then such constraints do not significantly deteriorate the overall fit of the model (e.g. mothers and adolescents do not differ significantly)

  5. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Moral Issues

  6. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Conventional Issues

  7. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Prudential Issues

  8. Moral, Conventional, & Prudential Models 2df2 Diffdf Diffp RMSEA Moral Unconstrained Model 64.05 30<.001 0.11 Intercepts Constrained71.02 31 6.971<.01 Slopes Constrained64.58 31 0.531ns Conventional Unconstrained Model61.62 23<.0010.13 Intercepts Constrained70.94 24 9.321<.01 Slopes Constrained62.33 31 0.711ns Prudential Unconstrained Model60.36 31<.0010.10 Intercepts Constrained67.81 32 7.451<.01

  9. . Significant Predictors of Intercepts

  10. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Personal Issues

  11. Model for Personal Issues 2df2 Diffdf DiffpRMSEA Unconstrained Model49.20 26<.010.10 Intercepts Constrained79.25 27 30.11<.001 Slopes Constrained 50.98 27 1.781ns

  12. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Multifaceted Issues

  13. Changes in Legitimate Parental Authority for Friendship Issues

  14. Multifaceted and Friendship Models 2df2 Diffdf Diffp RMSEA Multifaceted Issues Unconstrained Model55.56 23 <.001 0.12 Intercepts Constrained 91.77 24 36.211<.001 Slopes Constrained 55.60 24 0.041ns Friendship Issues Unconstrained Model29.16 23 ns 0.05 Intercepts Constrained 72.92 24 43.771<.001 Slopes Constrained 29.19 24 0.021ns

  15. Summary • African American mothers & teens affirmedparents’ legitimate authority to regulate moral, conventional, & prudential issues • African American teens rejected parents’ legitimate authority to regulate personal issues, while mothers’ authority over personal issues declined(from strongly equivocally affirming their authority) • Changes (declines) in judgments of parental authority were primarily over multifaceted & friendship issues

  16. Measures of Adolescent Adjustment • Problem Behavior Survey (Mason et al., 1996) • 19 items assessed on 7-point Likert scales • including drug & alcohol use, gang activity, vandalism, stealing, truancy, fighting • alpha = .72 • Depressed Mood (CES-D, Radloff, 1977) • 20 items assessed on 4-point Likert scales • alpha = .89

  17. Problem Behavior & Depressed Mood Regressed on Parental Authority Concepts

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