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Chapter 4: The Individual in Society Section 2 The Social Self

Chapter 4: The Individual in Society Section 2 The Social Self. Essential Questions:. What is socialization and how does it influence the human experience? How do people develop their individual personalities? . Think & Discuss:.

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Chapter 4: The Individual in Society Section 2 The Social Self

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  1. Chapter 4: The Individual in Society Section 2 The Social Self

  2. Essential Questions: • What is socialization and how does it influence the human experience? • How do people develop their individual personalities? Think & Discuss: -What are some of the different groups of people you spend time with? -Do you think they all see you the same way? What are some examples? -Do you think your sense of “self” is permanent—you’ve always had it, and it never changes? Discuss.

  3. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall Do you ever think about how other people see you?

  4. Cooley: The Looking-Glass Self Locke: The Tabula Rasa • A “clean slate” onto which anything can be written • Believed adults could shape newborns’ personality • Absorb the aspects of the culture they are in contact with • Process by which we develop an idea of self based on how we think we appear to others • Three-step process • Begins in infancy but continues throughout life The Development of Self Socialization is the interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society. There are many theories of how individuals gain a self, or distinct identity that separates you from other members of society.

  5. Mead: Role-Taking • Seeing ourselves as others see us is first step • Role-taking- Eventually take on, or pretend to take on, the roles of others • Significant others are the people who are closest to us: parents, siblings, and others who directly influence our socialization • As an individual ages, significant others grow less important • Generalized other is the internalized attitudes, expectations and viewpoints of society • Children under three can only imitate the actions of others • Self consists of “I” and “me” • The “I” is the unsocialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of personality • The “me” is the part that is aware of the expectations and attitudes of society—the socialized self

  6. Click on the image above to play the Interactive.

  7. Reading Check Contrast How do the three theories of socialization differ? Answer: Locke—born a blank slate, molded through interaction; Cooley—self-image based on how we look to others; Mead—anticipate what others expect

  8. The Presentation of Self • Dramaturgy • Theory suggested by Erving Goffman (following in Mead’s footsteps) • States that social interaction is similar to a drama performance • Suggests people are an audience, judging each others’ performances, trying to determine each individual’s true character • Impression Management • Attempt to play the role well and manage the impressions that the audience receives • States that much of our time with others is spent trying to manage their impressions Goffman’s theory suggests that an individual’s self can be changed according to audience.

  9. Reading Check Analyze According to Goffman, why does our presentation of self change? Answer: We want to be seen differently by different audiences.

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