Chapter 1 What is Science?

1. Chapter 1What is Science? Grade 7

2. Which of the following is a valid reason why a scientist might reject a scientific theory? • Some people disagree with it. • It covers too broad a topic. • New evidence contradicts it. • It is too old.

3. In a scientific experiment, facts, figures and other evidence gathered through observations are called • data. • laws. • dependent variables. • independent variables.

4. Explaining or interpreting the things you observe based on reasoning from what you already know is called • observing. • inferring. • predicting. • classifying.

5. A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions is a • scientific inquiry. • scientific hypothesis. • scientific theory. • scientific law.

6. A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question is called a(n) • prediction. • hypothesis. • theory. • law.

7. A well tested explanation for a wide range of observation or experimental results is called a scientific • inquiry. • hypothesis. • theory. • law.

8. Observations that deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in numbers are called • manipulated observations. • quantitative observations. • qualitative observations. • operational observations.

9. Askingwhich brand of superball will bounce better and designing an experiment to test it is an example of • a prediction. • objective reasoning. • scientific inquiry. • classification.

10. One useful tool that may help a scientist interpret data by revealing unexpected patterns is a • variable. • graph. • theory. • law.

11. Chris doesn’t think chipmunks are very smart, so her hypothesis is that they won’t be able to find the nuts she has hidden in the garden. This is an example of _____ • objective reasoning • cultural bias • subjective reasoning • experimental bias

12. Making a statement or claim about what will happen in the future based on past experiences or evidence is called • observing. • inferring. • predicting. • classifying.

13. During an experiment, if you purposely change the temperature to test a hypothesis, the temperature is called the • independent variable. • experimental variable. • hypothetical variable. • dependent variable.

14. When scientists put things into categories or group together items that are alike in some way, they are • making models. • inferring. • predicting. • classifying.

15. Using one or more of your senses to gather information is called • observing. • inferring. • predicting. • classifying.

16. When scientists create a representation of a complex process, they are • making models. • inferring. • predicting • classifying.

17. In science, a hypothesis must be • correct. • manipulated. • controlled. • testable.

18. Every human being has rights. Mark is a human being, therefore, Mark has rights. This is an example of ______. • deductive reasoning • inductive reasoning • subjective reasoning • personal bias

19. A summary of what you learned from a scientific experiment is called a(n) • hypothesis. • inquiry. • conclusion. • law.

20. A scientist’s open-mindedness should always be balanced by ____, which is having an attitude of doubt. • skepticism • curiosity • creativity • bias

21. When scientific investigations produce data that show new patterns that contradict existing conclusions, scientists should • ignore the contradictory data and keep the old conclusions. • check the data for errors and revise or replace the old conclusions if needed. • throw out the old data and use the new data only to reach new conclusions. • change the new data so that it fits the old conclusions.

22. Scientific knowledge changes with • new magazine articles. • careful reading of facts. • repeated experiments. • new evidence and new interpretations.

23. Which is an example of using ethics in experiments? • Making sure other scientists can repeat the experiment • Taking care that no animals are harmed • Storing samples under controlled conditions. • Making sure that only useful data is collected.

24. If you conduct an experiment and draw conclusions that are based on your beliefs rather than the facts, you are using • subjective reasoning. • objective reasoning. • faulty reasoning. • experimental reasoning.

25. Kim notices that every time she uses a certain bird food in her feeder, cardinals land on the feeder. She concludes that cardinals prefer this food more that other birds do. What type of reasoning is Kim using? • deductive reasoning • inductive reasoning • subjective reasoning • personal bias

26. To find out why food left on the kitchen counter eventually molds is an example of • using scientific inquiry • developing a theory • making a prediction • collecting data

27. During an experiment, which factors must be controlled so that researchers can draw logical conclusions from the experiment? • variables • hypotheses • inquiries • theories

28. Be able to read a data chart and identify: • The manipulated/independent variable • The responding/dependent variable • Be able to make a prediction about future data • Be able to draw a conclusion based on given data

29. Similar to the Simpson’s worksheet… Be able to read a scenario and identify • The manipulated/independent variable • The responding/dependent variable • The control group/variables

30. Be able to read a data chart and • Use inductive or deductive reasoning to form conclusions • Make predictions