“This world is a water world, a planet dominated by its covering mantle of ocean,

2. “This world is a water world, a planet dominated by its covering mantle of ocean, in which the continents are but transient intrusions of land above the all-encircling sea.” - Rachel Carson, the Sea Around Us

3. Studies in Ocean and Human Health • From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean’s Role in Human Health (National Academy of Sciences) • Marine Ecosystems: Emerging Diseases as Indicators of Change - the Health, Ecological and Economic Dimensions (CHGE/Harvard)

4. Studies in Ocean and Human Health • NSF/NIEHS • University of Hawaii • University of Miami • University of Washington • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) • NOAA • The Hollings Laboratory (Charleston, South Carolina) • NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center in (Seattle, Washington) • NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Ann Arbor, Michigan)

5. Healthy Oceans, Healthy Humans Exhibit Oceans Nourish Oceans Protect Oceans Heal Solutions

6. Oceans Heal • Over 50% of the most prescribed medicine in U.S. is derived or patterned after compounds from nature Pacific Yew Tree - Taxol

7. Medicine from the Sea Compound Source Disease Area Ziconotide Cone Snail Chronic Pain AM336 Cone Snail Chronic Pain GTS21 Nemertine Worm Alzheimer’s/ Schizophrenia LAF389 Sponge Cancer Bryostatin Bryozoan Cancer OAS1000 Soft Coral Wound Healing/ Inflammation Doalastin Sea Slug Cancer Yondelis Sea Squirt Cancer IPL512602 Sponge Inflammation/ Asthma

8. Cone Snails • 500 Species • Reef dwellers

10. 1000 times more potent than morphine • No tolerance • No addiction • Specific

11. Reefs: Medicine Chest of the Sea

12. Global Distribution of Reefs

13. Coral Bleaching • 26% of all corals are bleached • 11% destroyed • 60% at significant risk

14. Coral Disease Black-band disease Unknown Coral Plague

15. Oceans Nourish • 16% of global animal protein • Asia’s primary source of protein • Omega-3s help protect against heart disease

16. US Consumption Estimates say per capita consumption of seafood will rise to 16 pounds (from 14.8 pounds in 2001) by 2020, up 4 billion pounds per year.

17. Seafood Industry 28 million Americans. MA alone: $200 million in 1998

18. Mercury emissions 2000-4000 metric tons yearly

19. Geochemical Cycle of Mercury Air Emissions are 10- 80% of Water Burden! Adapted from US Dept. of Interior’s Report on Hg in the Florida Everglades

20. Worldwide mercury emissions (Data from Pacyna)

21. Total annual deposition (UNEP, 2002)

23. Mercury effect as delay in development (months, age 7) for each doubling of exposure Motor (Finger tapping, PH) 0.9 Attention (CPT-reaction time) 1.3 Visuospatial (Bender errors) 0.6 Language (Boston Naming) 1.6 Verbal memory (CVLT short delay) 2.0

24. Prolonged III-V interval on brainstem auditory evoked potentials at recent exposure (hair-Hg) in 14-yr-old children New WHO exposure limit FDA exposure limit U.S.EPA exposure limit Murata et al., Journal of Pediatrics, in press

25. Recommended Fish Meals per Month Based on Methylmercury Fish Tissue Levels

26. One serving per week is safe for an adult woman if below 0.5 ppm One serving per week is safe for a child if below 0.17 ppm

27. Overfishing Of the 157 stock groups in U.S. waters, 56 (36 %) are known to be over-exploited, while 70 (44 %) are fished at the maximum level.

28. Oceans Protect

29. Warming: Atmosphere and Oceans

31. Ocean Warming

32. Extreme Weather Droughts and Floods, in US and around the world, increasing (IPCC)

36. Solutions

37. Healthy Oceans, Healthy HumansIS A 700 SQUARE FOOT, WALK-THROUGH, TRAVELING EXHIBIT AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM Adaptable: the flexibility to accommodate a number of institutions Interactive: Engaging the user/inquiry-based Experiential: Evoking senses and achieving Narrative: Employing stories to educate For healthy humans, we need healthy marine ecosystems