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THE SURPRISING ALL-NATURAL TOXINS IN PLANT FOODS. Kaayla T. Daniel, PhD, CCN Wise Traditions 2009 . PROTEASE INHIBITORS. Beans Grains Nuts Seeds. PROTEASE INHIBITORS. Nightshade Vegetables Onions and Garlic Beets, Turnips, Rutabagas Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts Sweet potatoes.
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THE SURPRISING ALL-NATURAL TOXINS IN PLANT FOODS Kaayla T. Daniel, PhD, CCNWise Traditions 2009
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Beans • Grains • Nuts • Seeds
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Nightshade Vegetables • Onions and Garlic • Beets, Turnips, Rutabagas • Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts • Sweet potatoes
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Lettuce • Spinach • Alfalfa and Clover
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Apples • Strawberries • Grapes
PROTEASE INHIBITORS SOYBEANS • More Numerous • More Resistant to Neutralization
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Ivy League Rats at Cornell University • The Role of Coprophagy in the Prevention of Trypsin Inhibitor Induced Amino Acid Deficiencies
THE EVOLUTION OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Defense against microbes, insects and mammals • Protection from premature sprouting
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Two Main Types 1. Kunitz 2. Bowman-Birk
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Hot, but Not Always Uninhibited • The Effect of Heat, Cooking and other Processes
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Balancing Act • Too Much Cooking vs. Not Enough
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • No Rest for the Weary Pancreas • Hypertrophy • Hyperplasia
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Pancreatic Cancer • #4 Cause of Cancer Deaths Patrick Swayze Randy Pausch, a professor at Carnegie Mellon
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • ADDING IT UP • Soy Formula Fed Infants • Vegetarians and Vegans
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • Industry “Tryping” • Selling Trypsin Inhibitors for Cancer Prevention
PROTEASE INHIBITORS • “Soybean trypsin inhibitors do in fact pose a potential risk to humans when soy protein is incorporated into the diet.” • Irvin E. Liener, PhD, Letter to FDA,1998
Phytates Beans Grains Seeds
PHYTATES Two Primary Functions: 1. Prevent Premature Germination 2. Storage of Phosphorous
PHYTATES • Main Benefit to Humans • Safe seed storage over the winter Risks to Human • Bind needed minerals such as calcium, zinc and iron
Phytates – Developing World • Phytates are the leading cause of: • Poor growth • Rickets • Anemia ("iron poor blood") • Immune system breakdown
Phytates • HEALTH BENEFITS FOR OMNIVORES • Bind heavy metals such as cadmium • Bind toxic levels of iron
Phytates • Spring Detoxification • Unleavened bread before Passover
Phytates • PHY FUTURES • Chelators of excess iron • Antioxidants • Cancer fighting
LECTINS • GLUTENS FOR PUNISHMENT Proteins with a Sweet Tooth • Agglutinate blood -- Glue It Up • Clotting
LECTINS Beans Grains Other foods
Lectins • React with carbohydrate component of cell membranes • Cell injuries and deaths • Gastrointestinal distress • Immune System Breakdown
Lectins • IN SOYBEANS • Symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria • Fix nitrogen in the roots of soybean plant • Soybeans excellent for fertilization and crop rotation
Lectins • Largely deactivated by enzymes and cooking • Negative findings from uncooked soyfoods and animal feed • Problems with processing
Lectins • Potential problem from: • High levels "on occasion“ • Low levels eaten in large quantities on a regular basis
Lectins • Resist breakdown by digestive enzymes 60% remain biologically active and immunologically intact • Bind to villi and crypt cells of the small intestine • Interfere with hormone and growth factor signaling • Contribute to unfavorable gut flora
Lectins • “Leaky Gut Syndrome“ • Digestive Distress • Allergies • Immune system breakdown
Lectins • Most studies carried out on the highly toxic kidney bean lectin
Lectins • Lectins and Your Blood Type • Eat Right 4 Your Type by Peter J. D'Adamo (1996) • Why the theory is a little "sticky" • Why many people nonetheless benefit from the blood type diets
Lectins • GMO Foods • The research of Dr. Arpad Pusztai
"Lectins can have serious consequences for growth and health." -----Arpad Pusztai, PhD
Saponins • Soap in Your Mouth • Compounds in plant foods that foam up like soap suds in water and break down red blood cells
Saponins • New uses: • Alfalfa saponins to decrease root rot • Soy saponins as natural herbicides
Saponins • In mammals linked to: • Poor growth • Bloat • Damage to lining of intestines But findings are not consistent
Saponins • Bind w/ cholesterol • Injuries result in "leaky gut" • Break down red blood cells – hemolysis • Damage digestive enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin • May be goitrogenic
Saponins • The Marketing of Saponins • A Squeaky Clean New Image and a Promising Pharmaceutical Future • Saponins "prevent" heart disease by lowering cholesterol • Saponins "prevent" cancer by binding bile acids
OXALATES -- CASTING STONES • Indigestible compounds in foods that prevent the proper absorption of calcium.
FOODS HIGH IN OXALATES • Best known foods are Spinach and Rhubarb
OTHER FOODS HIGH IN OXALATES • Chocolate • Peanuts • Soy
Oxalates • Not significantly neutralized by cooking • Linked to: • kidney stones • vulvodynia
OLIGOSACCHARIDES THE FLATULENCE FACTOR
OLIGOSACCHARIDES • The pesky twins • Raffinose • Stachyose Require the enzyme alpha-galactosidase for proper digestion
FOR MANY YEARS A BOOMING RESEARCH INDUSTRY Some Typical Research Study Titles "Flavor and flatulence factors in soybean protein products." "Effects of various soybean products on flatulence in the adult man""Development of a technique for the in vivo assessment of flatulence in dogs."