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Vocabulary

Vocabulary . Wilson’s 14 Points- President Wilson’s plan for creating a lasting peace after WWI. Treaty of Versailles- The treaty that was signed by the Allies and Germany after WWI. It included harsh terms for Germany. Warm Up. Why did a stalemate occur between the Allies Central Powers?.

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Vocabulary

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  1. Vocabulary Wilson’s 14 Points- President Wilson’s plan for creating a lasting peace after WWI. Treaty of Versailles- The treaty that was signed by the Allies and Germany after WWI. It included harsh terms for Germany.

  2. Warm Up Why did a stalemate occur between the Allies Central Powers?

  3. The End of the Great War

  4. November 11, 1918 • An armistice was signed at Compiegne between Germany and the Allies, the terms of which were determined by the Allies • At 11:00 am the hostilities ended on the Western Front.

  5. Wilson’s 14 Points • Establish a League of Nations to keep world peace • Ending of secret treaties • Freedom of the seas • Removing economic barriers to trade • Reducing the size of national armies and navies • Change colonial claims so native people living in these areas have more rights

  6. The Big Four • Woodrow Wilson- The United States • David Lloyd George- England • George Clemenceau- France • Vittorio Orlando- Italy

  7. United States • Just/fair division of territories, keeping in mind the smaller countries • Spirit of forgiveness toward Germany • Great Britain • Germany to pay penalties • African colonies taken away from Germany • Ottoman Empire to be divided between France/Britain

  8. France • Weaken Germany to avoid further aggression • Wanted to take back Alsace and Lorraine and demilitarize the French and German border • Ottoman Empire to be divided between France/Britain • Italy • Land to be taken away from Austria and given to Italy (The Allies promised them land if they entered into WWI)

  9. Treaty of Versailles • Different Allied Objectives • The “Big Four” who dominated the peace conference all had different objectives • After months of argument and compromise emerged the Treaty of Versailles • Territorial • Germany surrendered Alsace-Lorraine to the French • Germany and Austria-Hungry also lose other lands • Austria-Hungry become two separate nations

  10. Colonial • Germany lost all its colonies to the Allies to be held by the League of Nations • Disarmament • German army was limited to 100,00 volunteer soldiers • The Rhineland between France & Germany was demilitarized • German navy was reduced to a few small ships • Submarines, military crafts, and war industries were prohibited

  11. War Guilt and Reparation • Germany accepted sole responsibility for causing the war • Agreed to pay reparations for all damages • League of Nations • International organization of countries formed after WWI to promote peace • The United States would not join • It will later turn into the United Nations

  12. Effects of WWI • Social • 10 million soldiers were killed and over 20 million were wounded • Millions of civilians die due to hostilities, famine and disease • World was left with hatred, intolerance and extreme nationalism

  13. Economic • War cost $350 Billion, so people were taxed heavily to pay for the war debt • Trade suffers • Communists seize power in Russia and introduce new economic system • Economic problems due to the war will help cause the Great Depression

  14. Political • The United States emerges as a world power • Three major European Dynasties were dethroned • Russia, Austria-Hungry, & Ottoman Empire • New nations states arose in Central Europe • Austria, Hungry, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland • The League of Nations was established • Many European nations will turn to dictatorships due to economic/political problems

  15. Closing/Reflection What is an armistice? What were Woodrow Wilson’s 14 pts? Why was Wilson’s 14 pts unsuccessful? According to the Treaty of Versailles, who was the cause of WWI? What were some of the social/economic effects of WWI? How could the Treaty of Versailles have helped cause WWII?

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