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Florian Schirg Institute for Strategy, Technology and Organization Professor Christopher Lettl

Social and Economic Repercussions of Free- and Open Source Software (FOSS) in Emerging Countries A Qualitative Case Study on the Power of Users in Policy Development in Southern India. Florian Schirg Institute for Strategy, Technology and Organization Professor Christopher Lettl

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Florian Schirg Institute for Strategy, Technology and Organization Professor Christopher Lettl

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  1. Social and Economic Repercussions of Free- and Open Source Software (FOSS) in Emerging CountriesA Qualitative Case Study on the Power of Users in Policy Development in Southern India Florian Schirg Institute for Strategy, Technology and Organization Professor Christopher Lettl Vienna University of Economics and Business

  2. ICT & DevelopmentSW-LicencesandPurchasing Power • FOSS is a strategic tool to: • foster economic growth, • reduce the digital divide • foster ICT development • (CIPR 2002, Weerawarana & Weeratunga2004, Rajani et al. 2003, Weber 2003, Ghosh 2003 & 2004, Debroy & Morris 2004, Proenza2005, Miscione et al. 2008, Gabu 2011) ICT plays an important role in social and economic development. (eg. UN ICT Taskforce 2005, Todaro 2006:97ff, Wilson 2003) Calculation: Costfor(Windows+Office) / (Monthly GDP/capita), Datafrom2001 Common software licenses in purchasing power comparisons (Ghosh (2003): • Commercial software is unaffordable to most people in LDCs.

  3. Qualitative Case-Study Free- and Open Source Software in India (Wikipedia) • Does FOSS influence the Indian economy, its development and its social environment? • Does the specific economic situation increase use of FOSS in development countries, respectively in India? RQ & = ? RQ • Open/circularresearchstrategy • 18 Expert interviewsacross Southern India: Professors, entrepreneurs, politicians, NGO-Leaders, teachers

  4. The path to FOSS through Education 2002 - IT@School Project: Hardware-only Purchases A large software producer sued teachers for license infringements Members of teacher’s union learn about FOSS  Teachers demanded use of FOSS in schools through a political process • Teachersinvolved in change-processfromwithin • Discovery of empowerment as a strategy • Licence savings enabled more investments in infrastructure and hardware at schools

  5. Long term effects:More public FOSS-projects launched E.g. Akshaya e-Governance & Education Project Special PPP-Business Model for 3000+ villages • New policy goals • Transformation into a ”Knowledge Society” • World leadership in FOSS Activity (incl. export of services and software) • Active reduction of digital divide  First Indian State with proactive ICT-policy • FOSS-friendly economic policy to build competencies, e.g. Through subsidies and tax reductions for start-ups with FOSS in its business model’s core. • Technology parks with FOSS-Focus • Thanks to Reinhard Fischer forvaluablediscussions • and Reinhard Pirker for all support!

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