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Learn about product characteristics, classifications, differentiation, design, managing luxury brands, and environmental considerations in product strategy. Explore product systems, co-branding, packaging, warranties, and more.
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Chapter 13 Setting Product Strategy
Learning Objectives • What are the characteristics of products, and how do marketers classify product? • How can companies differentiate products? • Why is product design important, and what are the different approaches taken? • How can marketers best manage luxury brands? • What environmental issues must marketers consider in their product strategies? • How can a company build and manage its product mix and product lines?
Learning Objectives • How can companies combine products to create strong co-brands or ingredient brands? • How can companies use packaging, labeling, warranties, and guarantees as marketing tools?
Product Characteristicsand Classifications • Product • Anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need, including physical goods, services, experiences, events, persons, places, properties, organizations, information, and ideas
Product Levels: The Customer-Value Hierarchy • Figure 13.2: Five Product Levels
Product Classifications Durability Tangibility Use
Durability and Tangibility Nondurable goods Durable goods Services
Consumer-Goods Classification Convenience Shopping Specialty Unsought
Industrial-Goods Classification Materials and parts Capital items Supplies and business services
Product Differentiation • Form • Features • Performance quality • Conformance quality • Durability • Reliability • Reparability • Style • Customization
Services Differentiation • Ordering ease • Delivery • Installation • Customer training • Customer consulting • Maintenance and repair • Returns
Design • Design • The totality of features that affect the way a product looks, feels, and functions to a consumer
Design • Is emotionally powerful • Transmits brand meaning/positioning • Is important with durable goods • Makes brand experiences rewarding • Can transform an entire enterprise • Facilitates manufacturing/distribution • Can take on various approaches
Luxury brands • Quality • Uniqueness • Craftsmanship • Heritage • Authenticity • History
Environmental Issues • Environmental issues are also playing an increasingly important role in product design and manufacturing
The Product Hierarchy 6. Item 5. Product type 4. Product line 3. Product class 2. Product family 1. Need family
Product Systemsand Mixes • Product system • Product mix/assortment • Width • Length • Depth • Consistency
Product Line Analysis • Sales and profits
Product Line Analysis • Market profile and image
Product line length • Line stretching • Down-market stretch • Up-market stretch • Two-way stretch • Line filling • Line modernization • Line featuring • Line pruning
Product Mix Pricing • The firm searches for a set of prices that maximizes profits on the total mix Product line pricing Optional-feature pricing Captive-product pricing Product-bundling pricing By-product pricing Two-part pricing
Co-Branding • Two or more well-known brands are combined into a joint product or marketed together in some fashion • Same-company • Joint-venture • Multiple-sponsor • Retail
Ingredient Branding • Co-branding that creates brand equity for parts that are necessarily contained within other branded products
Packaging • All the activities of designing and producing the container for a product
Packaging • Used as a marketing tool • Self-service • Consumer affluence • Company and brand image • Innovation opportunity • Packaging objectives • Identify the brand • Convey descriptive and persuasive information • Facilitate product transportation and protection • Assist at-home storage • Aid product consumption
Labeling, Warranties, and Guarantees • Labeling • Identifies, grades, describes, and promotes the product • Warranties • Formal statements of expected product performance by the manufacturer • Guarantees • Promise of general or complete satisfaction