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Reality Therapy (William Glasser)

Reality Therapy (William Glasser). Basic Beliefs. Key person: William Glasser Key theory: Choice theory and control theory Focus on responsibility for choice Focus on the unsatisfied needs , which are often the cause of problems The only person you can control is yourself

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Reality Therapy (William Glasser)

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  1. Reality Therapy (William Glasser)

  2. Basic Beliefs • Key person: William Glasser • Key theory: Choice theory and control theory • Focus on responsibility for choice • Focus on the unsatisfied needs, which are often the cause of problems • The only person you can control is yourself • Behavior = an attempt to get what we want • Focus symptoms = avoid facing unsatisfied needs

  3. Five basic psychological needs • Need for Survival • Taking care of oneself by eating, drinking… • Need for Belonging • Need for love or relationship • Need for Power • To be better than others • Need for Freedom • How we wish to live our lives, express ourselves… • Need for Fun • Laughing, joking, sports, reading…

  4. View of Human Nature--people • Try to meet basic psychological needs • Try to get what they want • Identify the frustrated need and try to satisfy it. • Choose to be miserable instead of becoming miserable • Store experiences related to how to fulfill their basic psychological needs in their brain

  5. Four reasons for choosing depression(based on choice theory) • Keep their anger under control • Being anger can lead to violence, but depression does not • Get others to help them • Depression is a way to get help • Excuse the unwillingness to do something more effective • To avoid searching for a job • Gain powerful control over others • Others must do something for them

  6. Therapeutic Goals • Help clients meet their psychological needs • Assess how well these needs are being met and what changes should take place • Take an education approach to help clients meet their needs • The more severe the symptom, the more clients are unable to fulfill their needs • Clients determine what they want

  7. Therapist’s function and Role • Create a good relationship with their clients • Challenge clients to evaluate themselves • Instill a sense of hope • Therapeutic relationship is a mentoring relationship with therapist as a teacher and client as a student.

  8. Therapist Attitudes • Do not accept excuses • But, make a new plan • No punishment or criticism • But, examine the consequences for not completing the goals; reevaluate the plans and make new ones. • Do not give up • Change is not an easy process

  9. The process of reality therapy • Establish a supportive relationship • Explore clients’ needs, wants, and perceptions • Evaluate how effective they are in getting what they want • Make a plan to do better • Make a commitment to plans

  10. Reality Therapy Strategies • Questioning • Ask what they want and what their plans are. • Being positive • What the client can do and reinforce positive actions • Confrontation • Not accept excuses, but continue to make effective plans • Paradoxical techniques • Reframing: helps a person change the way they think • Paradoxical prescriptions: choose to depress at certain times only

  11. WDEP • W Wants - What do you want to be and do? • D Doing and Direction - What are you doing? • E Evaluation - Does your present behavior have a reasonable chance of getting you what you want? • P Planning – identify ways to fulfill their wants and needs.

  12. SAMIC • S Simple - Easy to understand, specific and concrete • A Attainable- Within the capacities and motivation of the client • M Measurable -Are the changes observable and helpful? • I Immediate and Involved- What can be done today? What can you do? • CControlled - Can you do this by yourself or will you be dependent on others?

  13. Research on Reality Therapy • Some research published in the International Journal of Reality Therapy. • In general, research on reality therapy is limited • A number of studies have been done internationally. • In Taiwan, group reality therapy as well as lessons on choice theory have positive effect on experimental group members’ locus of control and self-concept compared to the control group.

  14. From a multicultural perspective • Contributions • Focusing on acting and thinking reduce resistance to counseling • Allowing for a wide range of acceptable behaviors to satisfy needs • Limitations • Ignoring environmental factors • Not appropriate for some cultural values • it is not considered a value to ask for what they need (i.e., thinking of what is good for the social group as a whole)

  15. Summary and Evaluation--contributions • Insight and awareness are not enough • Action and commitment to following through are the core of the therapeutic process • Accepting personal responsibility • Gaining more effective control • Focusing on what they can do in the present to change their behavior

  16. Summary and Evaluation--limitations • Not give enough emphasis to • Feelings • Unconscious • Dream • Transference • the effect of early childhood experiences, • the power of the past to influence one’s present personality.

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