National Clean Diesel Campaign : Cleaner Engines for Cleaner Communities

1. National Clean Diesel Campaign: Cleaner Engines for Cleaner Communities MWMA 2005 Legislative and Regulatory Update April 14, 2005

2. Diesel Engines & Air Pollution • Diesel emissions contribute significantly to air pollution • 11 million diesel engines are in use today • Cause health and environmental problems

3. Health and Environmental Effects • Diesel exhaust contains tiny particles known as “fine particulate matter” (soot) • Serious public health problem • Can become lodged in the lungs • Can cause lung damage, trigger respiratory problems • Linked to premature mortality • Fine particles contribute to haze which restricts visibility • Contributes to ozone formation, acid rain, global climate change

4. EPA’s National Clean Diesel Campaign – Two Components • Regulations for new engines • Heavy-Duty Highway Engines (used in waste haulers) – 2004, 2007 • Nonroad Engines – 2004 • Other Regulations for new engines • Light-duty Tier 2 • Upcoming standards for Marine/Locomotives • Future Sulfur Emission Control Area & International Maritime Organization/Ships • Voluntary measures to address existing diesel fleet • Retrofit older vehicles and equipment with emissions reduction technology • Replacement of oldest vehicles and equipment • Idling reduction, smart operations, etc.

5. Retrofits • A Retrofit can be: any change to an engine system above and beyond what is required by EPA regulations that improves the engine’s emission performance: • Catalyst or filter • Engine upgrade • Early engine replacement • Use of alternative fuels or additives • Idling control equipment • Combination of above • EPA’s web site maintains a list of manufacturers and verified retrofit technology (http://www.epa.gov/otaq/retrofit/retroverifiedlist.htm)

6. Replacement Options • New Cleaner Diesel or Alternative Fuels Engines Offer Very Low Emissions • Heavy duty engines are subject to tough new emission standards taking effect in 2004, 2007 • New vehicles can take advantage of 2007 technology now • Diesel • Need PM filter and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD or 15 ppm sulfur) for lowest emissions • Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel available nationwide starting in June 2006 • CNG • Fueling infrastructure can be expensive but CNG may be practical where infrastructure already exists or funding available

7. Opportunity is Knocking… • EPA’s programs are in place to help communities clean up diesel engines • Through these programs the Agency has gained expertise and is working with states to implement these strategies • Now is an opportune time to target the existing fleet • Cost effective strategies exist today • Cleaner fuels are being deployed throughout the country • Broad stakeholder support • States putting plans in place to achieve PM/Ozone attainment goals • Funding opportunities exist at state and federal level

8. EPA-Funded Retrofit Projects

9. Total Number of Grants: 41 Total Funds: $2,621,200 Summary of EPA-Funded Projects (Non- Clean School Bus) Technologies: Catalysts Filters Fuel Additives/Emulsions Alternative Clean Fuels CNG Biodiesel ULSD

10. EPA 2004 Clean Diesel Grants • $5M for Clean School Bus grants • $1.6 for National Clean Diesel grants • Funded 40 projects • 22 School Bus fleets • 6 Waste and/or Refuse Haulers/Collectors • 3 Marine Ports • 2 Construction Projects • Others including Buses, Fire Trucks, Agriculture, Utility, & Locomotives

11. EPA-Funded Waste Hauler Clean Diesel Projects

12. Waste Hauler Clean Diesel Projects • Refuse/Waste Hauler Fleet Projects • Replaced Diesel engines w/ CNG engines • DOC/DPFs/Crankcase filters/Biodiesel • DOCs/Crankcase filters/ ULSD • DOCs on Transfer/Refuse Trucks w/ ULSD • DOCs on Waste Haulers • DOCs/Crankcase filters on Refuse Trucks

13. Three 2004 Waste Hauler Projects • NYC Department of Sanitation Grant • $136,000 • 68 garbage collection trucks in South Bronx • Catalysts, ULSD and closed crankcase systems • High rate of asthma in area • Partnered with NESCAUM • City of Trumball, CT • $60,000 • 3 waste collection vehicles (leaf collection, bulk pick-up activities) • Replace diesel engines with compressed natural gas engines • City is contributing significant matching funds to the project • Used CMAQ funds for fueling station

14. Three 2004 Waste Hauler Projects (cont.) • City of St. Louis • $125,000 • 44 refuse haulers in St. Louis • Catalysts and closed crankcase systems • Covers 50% of fleet used in city • Partnered with the American Lung Association

17. Future Funding Assistance • 2005 National Clean Diesel Grants • Anticipate 8-12 grants of approx. $50 – $100K • Emphasis this year on ports and construction equipment • RFP opens in late April for 60 days • State/local government, non-profits eligible • Check web site for updates and application information • 2006 Grants • President Bush’s budget request • $15 Million for clean diesel grants • $10 Million for clean school bus grants

18. For more information…. National Clean Diesel Campaign Website www.epa.gov/cleandiesel Additional Information: www.epa.gov/otaq/retrofit www.epa.gov/cleanschoolbus www.epa.gov/smartway www.cleanfleetsusa.net