How to Draw Lewis Structures

1. How to Draw Lewis Structures

2. Lewis Structures • Find your element on the periodic table. • Determine the number of valence electrons. • This is how many electrons you will draw.

3. Lewis Structures • Find out which group (column) your element is in. • This will tell you the number of valence electrons your element has. Lewis dot structures are drawn showing only the valence electrons.

4. Groups - Review Group 8 = 8 electrons Group 1 = 1 electron Except for He, it has 2 electrons Group 2 = 2 electrons • Each column is called a “group” 3,4,5,6,7 • Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”. • The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”

5. Lewis Structures • Write the element symbol. • Carbon is in the 4th group, so it has 4 valence electrons. • Starting at the right, draw 4 electrons, or dots, counter-clockwise around the element symbol. C

6. Lewis Structures • Electrons will be placed around the element symbol going counter clockwise. • 1st two together in the s orbital. • 3rd 4th 5th by themselves in p orbitals • 6th, 7thand 8thpair up in the open p orbital. Py orbital Px orbital 3 6 X 7 1 S orbital 4 2 5 8 Pz orbital

7. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al C

8. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al H

9. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al P

10. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Ca

11. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Ar

12. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Br

13. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Al