Values-Driven Public Sector: Building State Capacity through Professional Ethics and Integrity

1. Values-Driven Public Sector: Building State Capacity through Professional Ethics and Integrity 2019 Public Service Month “Khawuleza” Taking Services to the People Kris Dobie The Ethics Institute

2. Values-Driven Public Sector: Building State Capacity through Professional Ethics and Integrity

3. Values are deeply held beliefs about what is good, important and desirable.

4. Common purpose?

5. Section 1 of the Constitution- Founding provisions • The Republic of South Africa is ….founded on the following values: • Human dignity, the achievement of equality and the advancement of human rights and freedoms. • Non-racialism and non-sexism. • Supremacy of the constitution and the rule of law. • Universal adult suffrage, a national common voters roll, regular elections and a multi-party system of democratic government, to ensure accountability, responsiveness and openness.

6. Section 195 of the Constitution - Basic values and principles governing public administration • A high standard of professional ethics must be promoted and maintained. • Efficient, economic and effective use of resources must be promoted. • Public administration must be development-oriented. • Services must be provided impartially, fairly, equitably and without bias. • People's needs must be responded to, and the public must be encouraged to participate in policy-making. • Public administration must be accountable. • Transparency must be fostered by providing the public with timely, accessible and accurate information. • Good human-resource management and career-development practices, to maximise human potential, must be cultivated. • Public administration must be broadly representative of the South African people, with employment and personnel management practices based on ability, objectivity, fairness, and the need to redress the imbalances of the past to achieve broad representation.

7. What is in place? Ethics standards Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures

8. What is in place? • Constitutional Values and Principles • Batho Pele Principles • Code of Conduct (Public Service Regulations) Ethics standards Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures

9. What is in place? • 2016 • Ethics Committees • Ethics Officers • 2019 • Public Administration Ethics, Integrity and Disciplinary Technical Assistance Unit (in DPSA) Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures Ethics standards

10. What is in place? • The Ethics Institute • Ethics Officer Certification Programme • Ethics Committee Programme • Training of trainers • National School of Government • Ethics in induction • Ethics management • COMPULSORY Online Ethics Programme (2016) Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures Ethics standards

11. What is in place? Ethics infrastructure Training • 2014 • Entry requirements for appointment into Senior Management Service • Competency assessments Professionalisation Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures Ethics standards

12. What is in place? Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation • Financial Disclosure Framework • e-Dislosures • Public Servants may not conduct business with an Organ of State Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures Ethics standards

13. What is in place? Ethics infrastructure Training Professionalisation • National Anti-Corruption Hotline • Departmental hotlines • Protected Disclosures Act (amended 2017) • Whistle-blowing guide Conflict of interest management Protected disclosures Ethics standards

14. Actual values • What we do ? Stated values What we say

15. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 Conducted by: In collaboration with:

16. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018

17. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence

18. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence

19. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence 7 No consequences for unethical behaviour

20. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence

21. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence

22. Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 - Unethical behaviour occurrence

23. Ethical culture concerns

24. Effectiveness of initiatives

25. Awareness of ethics initiatives

26. How do we build a more supportive, more ethical, and more professional environment for public servants to work in?

27. Ethical & competent leadership (21%) Public Sector Ethics Survey 2018 ‘What is the one thing that will improve the ethical culture in the public sector?’ Themes gathered from more than 6 000 verbatim comments Strengthen accountability (24%)

28. Importance of stable leadership During President Zuma’s first 100 months (8.3 years) • He made 126 changes to his national executive (which consisted of 74 people); • On average he made cabinet changes every 8.6 months. • 172 people held the position of DG in the 38 departments; • This is on average 4.5 DGs per department • DGs only served 22 months on average.

29. Flywheel concept Source: Jim Collins

30. Values driven PS ‘Flywheel’ Stable, capable & credible leadership Attract professional staff Professional & competent staff Values and principles(Common purpose) Direction and accountability Pride and staff morale Successful delivery

31. Themes Alignment on values / common purpose Stable and capable leadership Skilled / professional staff Direction and accountability Mechanisms for reinforcing values