The Thirteen Original Colonies

1. The Thirteen Original Colonies 8th Grade History Bonham Middle School 2014-2015

2. Table of Contents • New England Colonies Map • New England Colonies Characteristics and Factors • Middle Colonies Map • Middle Colonies Characteristics and Factors. • Southern Colonies Map • Southern Colonies Characteristics and Factors • Basic Differences in the Three Regions of the Colonies- Economies • Environmental Influence On the Colonies • Historical Effects of the Colonies

3. New England Colonies Map

4. New England Colonies Characteristics and Factors • Physical Characteristics – Atlantic Ocean, subsistence farming, poor soil, cold climate, forest. Boston and Portland have  natural harbors • Human Characteristics • Economic factors : raw materials, logging, fishing, shipbuilding • Political factors: town meetings, representative government • Social factors small coastal towns(Boston only large city), • Religious factors : Puritans

5. Middle Colonies Map

6. Middle Colonies Characteristics and Factors • Physical Characteristics – Rich soil; broad, deep rivers; more natural ports; river valleys, mild winters, raw materials, Atlantic Ocean, New York City, Baltimore, and Norfolk have natural harbors • Human Characteristics • Economic factors : large farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding • Political factors : more tolerance • Social factors :small coastal towns(Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York were large cities), • Religious factors : Quakers, Catholics

7. Southern Colonies Map

8. Southern Colonies Characteristics and Factors • Physical Characteristics – Appalachian Mountains, navigable rivers, richer soil, warm climate, raw materials, Charleston has a natural harbor • Human Characteristics • Economic factors: plantations • Political factors: more enslaved people, more class-based society • Social factors: small coastal towns (Savannah, Charleston were large cities), • Religious factors : Church of England, Catholics (Maryland), more diversity

9. Basic Differences in the Three Regions of the Colonies- Economies • New England – shipbuilding and manufacturing region • Middle Colonies – agriculture and cattle-producing • Southern Colonies – agricultural; cash crops: cotton, indigo, tobacco

10. Environmental Influence On the Colonies • New England and Middle Colony access to waterways (ports and rivers) resulted in high population density and large urban areas. • Southern Colonies had an abundant amount of fertile soil that resulted in an agricultural economy, a plantation system, and a low population density.

11. Historical Effects of the Colonies. • Physical geographic factors – proximity to Atlantic coastline determined where settlements/colonies were created • Human geographic factors – removal of the American Indians; disease and conflict (e.g., Georgia as a buffer between the other British colonies and Spanish Florida)