Africa Map Items:

1. Africa Map Items: • Landforms • Mt. Kilimanjaro • Mt. Kenya • Congo Basin • Great Riff Valley • Lake Victoria • Lake Tanganyika • Lake Kariba • Lake Chad • Nile River (White & Blue) • Congo River • Niger River • Zambezi River • Victoria Falls • Sahara Desert • Cape of Good Hope • Mozambique Channel • Gulf of Guinea • Lake Nyasa • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Kalahari Desert • Cities • Cape Town • Johannesburg • Mogadishu • Angola • Benin • Botswana • Burkina Faso • Burundi • Cameroon • Cape Verde • Central African Republic • Chad • Congo • Congo Republic • Cote D’Ivorie (Ivory Coast) • Djibouti • Equatorial Guinea • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Gabon • Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Kenya • Lesotho • Liberia • Madagascar • Mali • Malawi • Mauritania • Mozambique • Namibia • Niger • Nigeria • Rwanda • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Somalia • South Africa • Sudan • Swaziland • Tanzania • Togo • Uganda • Zambia • Zimbabwe

2. April 4th/5th Journal 1: If you could spend the day with one person living or dead that you have never met, who would it be? Why did you choose this person? Please be specific. • Global Tournament Discussion • Review for the Draft • Global Tournament Draft CNN Student News

3. April 6th/7th The students will examine, explore, and study the religion, culture, government, economics, and geography of many African countries. The students will be introduced to and explore genocide and its impact in Africa and across the globe. Journal 2 – What is Genocide? Can you offer an example? • Go to the library the second half of class to research your significant person. • Genocide Notes

4. Genocide in the 20th Century Acts of Genocide Occurring in the Eastern Hemisphere

5. What exactly is Genocide? • The deliberate and systematic extermination of an ethnic, racial, political, or religious group. • Raphael Lemkin coined the phrase from the Greek root genos, meaning “family, tribe or race” and the Latin root cide meaning “killing.”

6. Turkish Persecution of Armenians • The first genocide of the 20th century occurred when Turkey eliminated Armenians from their historical homeland, located around Mount Ararat. • Due to religious differences, between 1915 and 1918, Turkey decimated between 1.5 and 2 million Armenians through forced deportations and massacres.

7. Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin When Vladimir Lenin died in 1924, Joseph Stalin became the leader of the Soviet Union. Through forced labor camps, famine and executions, Stalin was responsible for the deaths of at least 10 million of his countrymen. Some historians estimate the total to be closer to 20 million.

8. Japanese Rape of Nanking, China Prior to World War II, Japanese forces invaded the Chinese town of Nanking. A massacre ensuedand lasted 6 weeks. Between 1937 and 1938, the Japanese were responsible for 300,000 deaths and countless rapes of Chinese women.

9. Nazi Holocaust in Germany Beginning in 1938, the Jewish population of Germany began a period of discrimination. From 1938 to 1945, 13 million people, including 6 million people of the Jewish faith, were killed by the Nazi Holocaust. The Nazis built ovens in many of their concentration camps to destroy the bodies of the dead.

10. Cambodian Genocide Led by Pol Pot, the Khmer Rouge eliminated any people who were sympathetic to the previous leaders in Cambodia. Between 1975 and 1979, 2 Million Cambodians were killed on their way to or in the “Killing Fields.”

11. Srebrenica Massacre In the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, conflict between the three main ethnic groups, the Serbs, Croats, and Muslims, resulted in genocide committed by the Serbs against the Muslims in Bosnia. In 1995, under the leadership of Slobodan Milosevic, Serbians massacred about 200,000 Bosnians, many buried in mass graves.

12. Rwandan Genocide Hutu Majority of the Rwandan people Discriminated against by the Belgians Shorter, dark skinned Tutsi Minority of the Rwandan population. Favored by the Belgian colonists Taller, lighter skinned Rwandan Refugee Camp in Zaire

13. 8 Stages of Genocide • Classification – “Us vs. Them” mentality, creation of categories for different people. • Symbolization – Names or symbols are given to the classifications. • Dehumanization – One group denies the humanity of the group. • Organization – Genocide is always organized, usually by militia (private army). • Polarization - Extremists drive the groups apart. • Preparation - Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity. • Extermination begins, and quickly becomes the mass killing legally called “genocide.” • Denial – perpetrators burn the bodies, cover up evidence, intimidate witnesses and admit nothing.

14. April 8th/11th The students will continue to and explore genocide and its impact in Africa and across the globe. The students will be introduced to African vocabulary for the upcoming unit and will begin to understand the definitions of the provided words. Journal 3 – List three things you know about the continent of Africa. • African Vocabulary • Round 1 Tournament

15. April 13th/14th Global Perspective Influential Tournament Journal 4: What do you think Apartheid is? Name two things The students will gain a global perspective and better understand how 35 famous world figures and leaders have influenced the world though a one minute competitive speech. • Apartheid Notes • Tournament round 2 • Hotel Rwanda (with video guide)

16. Apartheid • Definition: Separateness or a system of racial segregation • A system of legal racial segregation enforced by the Nationalist Party in South Africa between 1948 and 1994. • The rights of the majority black inhabitants of South Africa were stopped and minority rule by whites was enforced

17. South Africa • Fertile farmland and mineral resources • Diamonds, gold, and platinum mines • English and Dutch colonized in the 17thcentury • Battle over this land between the two countries • Mild climate

18. History of Apartheid • 1948 racial discrimination laws were enacted • Prohibition of marriage between non-whites and whites • White only jobs • Classifications based on color: white, black, or colored

19. Bantu Authorities Act • 1951 formed African reserves or homelands where blacks were separated • Citizens only of the homeland, not South Africa • Must have passes to leave the homeland

20. African Protest • African National Congress (ANC) • Established in 1927 • Fight for an African State • 1960 a large group refused to carry passes and were arrested • 69 Africans were killed and 187 wounded in protest • Protest was on again off again until 1989 • Thousands arrested without hearings • Died in custody, some tortured, or had life in prison

21. End of Apartheid • World Wide Pressure • 1994 apartheid was no longer a law • Today, ANC controls the government • Poor Economics • Segregated • Reverse Discrimination • Failure to invest in education, social services, and public health projects

22. April 15th/18th Global Perspective Influential Tournament Journal 5: Why did you think the United States failed to get involved in the Rwanda Genocide? Reflect on the movie Hotel Rwanda. Give your personal reflection of the movie so far. • Hotel Rwanda Movie • Tournament: Round 3 (if time)

23. April 19th/20th The students will continue to explore and examine African countries as they are introduced to Apartheid Journal 6 – How did you do in the first round of the tournament? Were you satisfied with your results? Why or why not? • CNN Student News • Tournament: Round 3 • Finish Hotel Rwanda • Due: Africa Vocab

24. April 21st/22nd The students will identify different countries in Africa and examine the cultures of their chosen countries. The students will be able to grasp the distinct cultures and varied lifestyles as they begin their projects. Journal 7 – Who is Nelson Mandala? What role did he play in African culture? • CNN Student News • Africa Facts and Figures • Tournament Round 4 • Nelson Mandala: Biography Video

25. Welcome to Africa Africa is the second largest and second most populated continent in the world.

26. Africa by the Numbers • Covers over 11,700,000 square miles • 54 Nations • Over 1,000 languages are spoken • 1.1 billion people (2nd largest)

27. Geography • Largest cities • Lagos, Nigeria has an estimated 21 million people • Cairo, Egypt has an estimated 17 million people • Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania • Tallest mountain in Africa at 19,340 feet • Lake Victoria • Feeds the world’s longest river, the Nile at 4,258 miles • Sahara Desert • Largest desert in the world

28. Sahara Desert Northern Africans Lighter-Skin Speak Arabic Muslims Sub-Saharan Africans Darker Skin Bantu/Swahili 1000’s of tribes & cultures Africa is a Divided ContinentDifferent Racial & Cultural Zones

29. Colonization • Portuguese established coastal colonies in the 15th century • Europeans penetrated the African interior by the late 1800’s • British and French Missionaries • Established primarily Catholic and Protestant colonies.

30. Political Change in Africa • By WWI only Liberia & Ethiopia remained free • The second half of the 20th Century brought independence • Independence did not mean freedom • Anarchy, Civil War, Dictatorships… • Tribal loyalties often take precedence over allegiance to the new nations.

31. Africa Today Religion Animism is practiced in Africa North Africa – Islam Sub-Sahara – Animism & Christianity

32. The African Economy • Economics – Highly dependent on mineral resources such as diamonds, gold, platinum, etc. • Developing – Most of the countries are classified as developing. Why? • Low literacy rates and low per capita GDP’s • Religious and tribal differences are responsible for the lack of national unity and economic prosperity.

33. April 25th/26th The students examine the past and current cultures of many African countries by reading and discussing how colonization played such a big role in the history of African. Journal 8 – What African country do you want to know more about? • CNN Student News • Tournament CHAMPIONSHIP • African Country Projects • Groups of no more than 4 • Pick African Country for project- DUE TODAY IN CLASS

35. African Country Project How would you explain and define the importance of your assigned area and its impact on your country? What are key factors in your area of expertise you can identify that have influenced your country? • Government: Explain the type of government and how it works within your country? What is the history of the current government? • Economy: Identify the economic system of your country and examine what stimulates or hurts the economy. What are the jobs of the country? • Culture: Examine five elements of culture for your country, such as religion, education, family life, sports, music, traditions, etc. • Connections: Explore any ties of links or ties your country has to the United States and/or Idaho. What is their colonization history from other countries?

36. African Country Project- 3A

37. African Country Project- 4A

38. African Country Project- 3B

39. April 27th/28th The students examine the past and current cultures of many African countries by reading and discussing how colonization played such a big role in the history of African. Journal 9 –Write down two things your remember about people from the tournament speeches • CNN Student News • Review sheet for Africa Quiz • The 2nd half of class we will be in the library to work on tournament assignments • DUE NEXT CLASS • QUIZ NEXT CLASS

40. April 29th/May 2nd The Students will display their understanding of the many cultural features of Sub Saharan Africa by showing proficiency on review items for the upcoming quiz. Journal 10– Write down three things you learned about Africa in this unit. • Review • Quiz over Africa • Tournament Assignments DUE • Europe Map