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English Sonnet

English Sonnet. The Prologue to Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet is written in the form of an English sonnet . What does Prologue mean? An introductory speech, often in verse, calling attention to the theme of a play. English Sonnet.

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English Sonnet

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  1. English Sonnet • The Prologue to Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet is written in the form of an English sonnet. • What does Prologue mean? • An introductory speech, often in verse, calling attention to the theme of a play.

  2. English Sonnet • The English sonnet has fourteen lines divided into threestanzas and one couplet. • It also has a certain rhyme scheme.

  3. English/Shakespearean Sonnet Stanza: Rhyme scheme: a b a b Quatrain 4 lines c d c d Quatrain 4 lines e f e f Quatrain 4 lines Couplet g g 2 lines

  4. English Sonnet • English Sonnets have a certain meter(beat or rhythm.) • This meter is called iambic pentameter.

  5. Iambic pentameter • Good BYE/good BYE/good BYE/good BYE/good BYE iamb (iambic foot=1 pair) Example: This entire line Unstressed + stressed syllable 5 pairs = iambic pentameter

  6. Iambic pentameter Iambic pentameter: Each line=10 syllables = 5 pairs ofsyllables. Pattern:unstressedstressed.

  7. Examples • I AM/a PI/rate WITH/a WOOD/en LEG

  8. Examples • When I/do COUNT/the CLOCK/that TELLS/the TIME (Sonnet 12) • When IN/disGRACE/with FOR/tune AND/ men’s EYESI ALL/aLONE/be WEEP/my OUT/cast STATE (Sonnet 29) • Shall I/comPARE/thee TO/a SUM/mer’s DAY? • Thou ART/more LOVE/ly AND/more TEM/per ATE (Sonnet 18)

  9. Blank Verse • Unrhymediambicpentameter is called blank verse. • Blank verse is what Shakespeare used to write most of his plays

  10. Prologue reading • Divide the first two lines into pairs of unstressed/STRESSED syllables (iambs) 2. Underline words in the prologue associated with LOVE or FIGHTING.

  11. Prologue • In what city does the play take place? • Why are Romeo and Juliet called “star-crossed lovers?” • What other information do we learn from the Prologue? • What is the play going to be about? How does it end?

  12. Shakespeare wrote • Drama – genre (category) that includes comedies, histories and tragedies. • Comedies • Drama with funny twists. • Histories • Drama about historical figures. • Tragedies • Drama that ends in an unhappy way, most often death Romeo and Juliet.

  13. Prose • What is Prose? • The ordinary form of spoken or written language, without meter (a beat); prose is not poetry or verse.

  14. Prose • Only characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays • Why do you suppose that is?

  15. Dramatic Foil • A character whose traits are in direct contrastto the main character. • The purpose is to revealsomething about anothercharacter.

  16. Round characters • Characters who have manypersonalitytraits, like real people. They are described indetail. • We know more about them than other characters.

  17. Flat Characters • We don’t have a lot of information about them. • They are not described in detail. • Shakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy.

  18. Static Characters • Characters within a story who remain the same. • They do not change their minds, opinions or character.

  19. Dynamic Character • Characters that change somehow during the course of the plot. • They generally change for the better.

  20. Soliloquy • A longspeech expressing the thoughts of a character, usually alone on stage. • The character is “thinkingoutloud.”

  21. Aside • Words spoken, usually in an undertone, notintendedto be heard by allcharacters. • Sometimes the character is speakingaside (“to one side”) to the audience.

  22. Pun • Shakespeare loved to use them!!! • Humorous use of a word with two meanings; • Example: “There’s no point in writing with a broken pencil.” • “No pun intended!” 

  23. Direct Address • Words that tell the reader (or audience) who is being addressed. -Example -“A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.” -“Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”

  24. Irony • Dramatic - A contradiction between what a characterthinks and what the reader/audienceknows to be true.

  25. Irony • Verbal - Words used to suggest the opposite of what is meant. • Sarcasm

  26. Irony • Situational - Contrastbetween what happens and what was expected to happen.

  27. Comic Relief • The use of comedywithinserious/sad literatureor drama to provide “relief”. • In R & J, look for moments of comic relief that help “relieve” the tragedy of the situation.

  28. Allusion A briefreference, within a work, to somethingoutside of the work that the reader or audience is expected to know. Many of Shakespeare’s allusions are to mythology or the Bible.

  29. Monologue • Onepersonspeaking on stage. • Other characters may be on stage too. • They can all hear it.

  30. Meter • The regular pattern of accented and unaccentedsyllables in a line of poetry.

  31. Rhythm • Uniform or patterned recurrence of a beat or accent.

  32. An,and:If Anon:Soon Aye:Yes But:Except for Coz: cousin E’en:Even E’er:Ever Thou:You (as in “you are”) Thee:You (as in: “with you”) Thy/Thine:Your/Yours Thou art:You are Elizabethan Words

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