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METHOD in Personality Research. How do we gather data?. 1. From whom??? A. Self B. Others Plus/Minus?. Individual or Groups? Idiographic Nomothetic Depth VS. Breadth. Types of Data and Design. Descriptive Correlation Experiment. Descriptive. Case Study Survey
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How do we gather data? • 1. From whom??? • A. Self • B. Others • Plus/Minus?
Individual or Groups? Idiographic Nomothetic Depth VS. Breadth
Types of Data and Design • Descriptive • Correlation • Experiment
Descriptive • Case Study • Survey • Issues/Problems • Wording • Sampling • Response Rate • Response Biases (set, social desirability) • Naturalistic Observation
Correlation • Positive vs. Negative • -1.....0.....+1 • Correlation does NOT imply causation
Experiment • Cause and Effect • Independent and Dependent Variables • Operational definitions • Conditions: • Experimental • Control • Random Assignment
Assessment • Sources of info • Self-report surveys, interviews, personality inventories, etc. • Observer ratings behavior ratings, significant other ratings, etc.
Pluses: Self Vs. Others? • Minuses? • Other problems/concerns? • Solutions???
Reliability • CONSISTENCY • test-retest • internal consistency (e.g., split half, coef. alpha) • interrater reliability
Validity • MEANING • face validity • criterion validity • convergent • discriminant • construct validity