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UH Raman Group. Dr. Shiv K Sharma, (Physics) 1973 (100% g fund). Dr. Anupam Misra, (Physics) 1991 (0% g fund). Dr. Rachel C.F. Lentz, (Planetary Geology) 1998, (Postdoc) Dr. Lisa.Green, (Bio-Chemistry), 2007 (Postdoc) Dr. Ava Dykes, (Bio-Chemistry), 2006 (Postdoc).
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UH Raman Group Dr. Shiv K Sharma, (Physics) 1973 (100% g fund) Dr. Anupam Misra, (Physics) 1991 (0% g fund) Dr. Rachel C.F. Lentz, (Planetary Geology) 1998, (Postdoc) Dr. Lisa.Green, (Bio-Chemistry), 2007 (Postdoc) Dr. Ava Dykes, (Bio-Chemistry), 2006 (Postdoc) Dr. Lori Kamemoto, (Medicine) (Project 50% support) Dr. Qigui Yu, (Medicine) (Project 50% support) Dr. Ningjie Hu, (Medicine) (Project 50% support) Dr. Pavel Zinin, (Bio-Physicist) (Project 50% support) Bio-medical research Dr. Paul Lucey (Planetary scientist) Dr. Jeff Taylor (Planetary Science) Dr. John Porter (LIDAR) (Project 50% support) Dr. Dave Bates (LIDAR) (Postdoc) Dr. Barry R. Lienert (LIDAR) Planetary science
UH Raman Group What is Raman Spectroscopy ? Why need Raman Spectra ? • Raman spectra Beam splitter Laser Vibrational modes of molecules Sample Notch Filter Depends on atomic mass, bond lengths, bond strength, configuration, etc… Spectrograph CCD Unique spectrum for each molecule * Raman Fingerprints: Chemical detection with very high confidence level
UH Raman Group Typical Raman spectra (in 1 second) 1085 282 Calcite CaCO3 Intensity (a.u.) Notch filter 801 Cyclohexane C6H12 1444 Raman Shift (cm-1) Laser at 0 cm-1 • Sharp well defined peaks • Unique spectrum for each chemical • Can also tell polymorphs
UH Raman Group Remote Raman Spectra of various minerals
UH Raman Group Capabilities Micro-Raman Remote-Sensing • . Can analyze samples smaller • than 1 nano gram • Small grains (~ micron size) • Big samples (rocks) • Low temperature (8 K) • High temperature • Low Pressure (10-6 torr) • High pressure (diamond anvil cell) • Liquids/solids/gases • Biological tissues/cells/virus – single cell • UV (244 nm), Tunable 198-240 nm • Visible (457, 488, 514.5, 532 nm) • NIR (752, 785, 830 nm) • * Remote Raman (125 m) • Daytime/night time • Fast analysis (1-10s) • Solids/liquids/gases • LIDAR • Raman-LIDAR • Remote LIBS • Remote RAMAN+LIBS • Remote LIF Simulated Mars/Moon/Venus conditions
UH Raman Group Patty Fryer (HIGP) – Hydro thermal vents Ed Scott (HIGP)– Meteorites L. C. Ming (HIGP) – BC2N, High pressure Pavel Zinin (HIGP)– Hard materials, Bio-Physics Jeff Taylor (HIGP)– ice simulations (Moon) Klause Sattler (Physics) – Nano phase materials John Madey (Physics) – Remote sensing David Muenow (Chem) – hydrous minerals (Mars analogue) Research Collaborations * Global *Multi-disciplinary Lori Kamemoto, Qigui Yu, Ningjie Hu, (Medical Sch. UH) HIV, Virus, bio-agents, cancer etc.. Angel Yanagihara, Pac. BioSc. Res. Center, UH, Fish venom ChemImage (Pat Treado) – Remote Raman Alakai Consult. & Eng. (Guy Ontai) – Remote Raman, LIBS • Mars Fundamental Research-Los Alamos National Lab • -Roger Wiens, Sam Clagg- LANL (LIBS) • - Roger Clark (USGS) • - Paul Lucey, Jeff Taylor (UH) • Discovery mission (Venus)- Los Alamos, JPL, Colorado ASTED (astrobiology Science & Tech Explora Prog.) NASA Langley (MIDDP, PIDDP) …MSL proposal $45M (X) -UH built a prototype Remote Raman for NASA EXOMARS: Fernano Rull (Spain) Shiv Sharma (Co-I on the Raman sensor.) GeoRaman International Conf. 2004 (U. of Hawaii)
UH Raman Group Research Grants • UH/State/intramural support: $0,000,000 • (b) Current Extramural Support: $3,850,000 • (c) Pending Extramural Support: $1,500,000 Past ten years extramural funds ~ $6.97 Millions (not counting $55.8 Millions for FEL (Physics).
UH Raman Group Current Extramural Support 1. ONR IED program, $619,234 2005-2008, Stand-off Detection of Explosives, (Sharma, Lucey) 2. Army Research Office, $1,698,669 2006-2008, Detection of Bioagents (Sharma, Lori Kamemoto) 3. ChemImage Corp. $324,503 2007-2008, UH Sensor for IED detection (Sharma) 4. Alakai Consl. (Army RO) $53,598 2007-2009, Advance detection of explosive (Sharma) 5. NASA-MFRP $388,652 2007-2009, LIBS on alteration Minerals (Sharma, Lentz, Clegg (LANL)) 6. US DOE (Mat.Sc) $558,156 2007-2010, Synthesis BCx phases (Ming, Zinin, Sharma) Pending Extramural Support 1. NASA-MIDP (LaRC) $619,698 2008-2010, Combined Raman, Fluorescence & Lidar sensor Sharma, Lucey, Misra, Abedin, Ismail, Bradley –LaRC 2. NASA-MIDP (LANL) $514,854 2008-2011, Integrated Raman LIBS spectrosc (Rover) Wiens, Clegg – LANL, Lucey, Sharma 3. ONR (IED) $710,88 2008-2010, Combined stand-off Raman+LIBS for explosive residue Sharma, Lucey, Misra 4. NASA-PIDDP $279,514 2008-2010, CRLLS sensor Sharma, Misra, Abedin-NASA LaRC 5. Alakai (Hi Tech Dev.) $74,819 2007-2008, Duel Use UV Raman Spectrometer Sharma, Misra
UH Raman Group HIGP (66m) Holmes Hall (128 m)
Single Pulse spectra of Sulfur from 50 and 100 m 219 473 153 60000 85 40000 Intensity (a.u.) 50 m 20000 100 m 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Raman Shift (cm-1) UH Raman Group
Gypsum CaSO4.2H2O 1 second 1007 120000 100000 80000 1136 3495 493 414 Intensity (a.u.) 619 O2 1556 3405 N2 2331 671 60000 50 m 40000 20000 100 m 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 Raman Shift (cm-1) High frequency region is useful in detecting water. UH Raman Group
532 nm, 50 Hz, 32 mJ/pulse 100 micron slit, gated 2 µs 8% TNT on Silica 1556 (O2) 125 m 1366 2331 (N2) 1534 1618 40 1210 30 s 30 Counts x 105 x2 10 s 20 x10 1 s 10 0 Raman Shift (cm-1) 500 1000 1500 2000 UH Raman Group
UH Raman Group December 2007 Fort Irwin, Mojave Desert Successful field test for explosive detection during dust storm
UH Raman Group • Future Directions: • Develop Raman van/truck • UV / NIR systems (invisible /Eye safe) • Combined Raman + LIBS + LIF sensors • Miniature systems for Rover • Raman Lidar (Environmental monitoring) • Small portable system for Geologist • Remote Underwater Raman system • * Micro-Raman (Improve detection limits by using Nanoparticles, Nanofilms, special substrates). Study of biological processes, chemical reactions etc… • Need for Material Synthesis lab (in the future)
UH Raman Group December 2007 Fort Irwin, Mojave Desert • Show Video (57 seconds long) of • - UH remote Raman system in field during dust storm • Single pulse spectra of gypsum at 50 m • (measurements through two ¼”thick glass windows)