Chapter Twelve

1. Chapter Twelve Types of Organizational Arrangements

2. Chapter Twelve Table of Contents • Arranging Points Topically • Arranging Points Chronologically • Spatial or Geographical Patterns • Causal (Cause-Effect) Pattern • Problem-Solution Pattern • Alternate Patterns of Organization • Organizing Subpoints

3. Types of Organizational Arrangements • Organize your speech points in a way best suited to your specific speech purpose and the needs of the audience.

4. Arranging Speech Points Topically Topical pattern of arrangement: • each of the main points is of equal importance • these points can be presented in any order

5. Arranging Speech Points Chronologically • Chronological pattern of arrangement: used to reflect the natural or sequential order of the main points.

6. Arranging Speech Points Using a Spatial or Geographical Pattern Spatial or geographical patterns of arrangement: main points are arranged in order of their physical proximity or direction

7. Arranging Speech Points in a Causal (Cause-Effect) Pattern • Causal pattern of arrangement: used when the main points compare something known to be a “cause” to its “effects.”

8. Arranging Speech Points By a Problem-Solution Pattern • Problem-solution pattern of arrangement: main points are organized to demonstrate the nature and significance of a problem and then to provide justification for a proposed solution.

9. Arranging Speech Points Using a Narrative Organizational Pattern • Narrative organizational pattern of arrangement: consists of stories or a series of stories that include characters, settings, and a plot.

10. Arranging Speech Points Using a Circle Organizational Pattern • Circle organizational pattern of arrangement: consists of one idea that leads to another and another and so forth to develop the speech thesis.

11. Organizing Subpoints Organization should be driven by what’s most effective for the particular topic, occasion, or audience.