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Closer Economic Integration and Corporate Tax Systems Kimberly A. Clausing June 2007. Determinants of Corporate Tax Rates Determinants of Corporate Tax Revenues Role of International Integration 36 Countries (OECD/EU) over 1979-2002. OECD Corporate Tax Rates, 1979-2002.
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Closer Economic Integration and Corporate Tax SystemsKimberly A. ClausingJune 2007 Determinants of Corporate Tax Rates Determinants of Corporate Tax Revenues Role of International Integration 36 Countries (OECD/EU) over 1979-2002
Tax Rate Specification Corporate Tax Rateit = + 1 Individual Tax Rateit +2 Government Consumption/GDPit +3 FDI-out/GDPit +4 ln(GDP)it + 5 ln(GDP per-capita)it +6 Leftit +7 EUit +8 EU completeit +9 EU applyit +it
Central Government Corporate Tax Revenues Relative to GDP, OECD Countries
Estimation Corporate Tax Revenue/ GDPit = + 1 Tax Rateit +2 Tax Rateit2 + 3 Corporate Profitabilityit + 4 Size of the Corporate Sectorit And Later: • Proxies for corporate data • x Type of Corporate Tax Systemit • t Time Dummies or Time Trend
Findings and Implications • Tax rates depend on factors that affect the elasticity of tax base: EU integration, FDI, country size • Other factors as expected: individual rate, government size and type • Parabolic relationship between tax rates and revenues • Types of Responsiveness • EU Members and More International Countries => More Responsive Tax Base • Territorial Systems v. Credit Systems