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Pressure

Pressure. Define vapour pressure . Include: volatility , dynamic equilibrium Define normal boiling point in terms of vapour pressure. Interpolate and extrapolate information from pressure versus temperature graphs. Additional KEY Terms Manometer .

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Pressure

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  1. Pressure

  2. Definevapour pressure. • Include: volatility, dynamic equilibrium • Definenormal boiling point in terms of vapour pressure. • Interpolateand extrapolateinformation from pressure versus temperature graphs. • Additional KEY Terms • Manometer

  3. Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Air is a gas...it must also be exerting pressure. Called air pressure or atmospheric pressure.

  4. The standard unit of atmospheric pressure (at sea level): 1 atmosphere = 760 mmHg = 101.3 kPa kilopascals millimeters of Mercury

  5. Closed system (constant temperature) As liquid continues to vaporize, a point is reached: For everymolecule that vapourizes, one condenses When vapourization = condensation we have reached equilibrium.

  6. dynamic equilibrium

  7. Pressure of gas at equilibrium with its liquid in a closed system is known as the vapour pressure. characteristic physical property

  8. A manometer measures vapour pressure. • Compares vapour pressure to air pressure. • Measures difference in height on both sides.

  9. IMFs determine the rate of vapourization. Weak IMFs:more particles vapourized - higher vapour pressure – more volatile.

  10. Heat increases particles kinetic energy - breaks IMFs. Increases rate of vapourization- pressure increases.

  11. Boiling Point: When vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure. (1 atmosphere, 101.3 kPa, 760 mmHg)

  12. Particles with strong IMFs require more energy (higher temperatures) to phase change to a gaswithenough pressure to equal atmospheric pressure. Any change in air pressure will produce a change in the boiling point.

  13. Longer cooking time to prepare foods at higher altitudes. At lower pressure the water boils at a lower temperature – longer cooking time.

  14. Standard air pressure is 101.3 kPa. • Boil: whenvapour pressure = air pressure Boiling Temp

  15. CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? • Definevapour pressure. • Include: volatility, dynamic equilibrium • Definenormal boiling point in terms of vapour pressure. • Interpolateand extrapolateinformation from pressure versus temperature graphs. • Additional KEY Terms • Manometer

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