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Question: `

Question: ` . What does a cell need to survive and how does it get that?. Movement Through the Membrane and other cell processes. Cell Membrane-. Lipid Bilayer - a double-layered group of lipids (fats) that protect the cell, allowing only some things in and out of the cell.

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Question: `

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  1. Question: ` • What does a cell need to survive and how does it get that?

  2. Movement Through the Membrane and other cell processes

  3. Cell Membrane- Lipid Bilayer- a double-layered group of lipids (fats) that protect the cell, allowing only some things in and out of the cell. Semipermiable- A membrane that can select what materials can movethrough.

  4. Diffusion- • All cells have a liquid inside • Reminder: liquid = solvent • other = solute • Concentration- the amount of solute in an area. • When solutes move from areas of high to low concentration, across the cell’s membrane, the process is called diffusion.

  5. Diffusion- • In other words, things move across a membrane from areas of “a lot” to areas of “a little”. • It’s all about size and shape • chemicals are too big or the wrong shape, they cannot pass through the membrane

  6. **This does not cost the cell energy!

  7. Osmosis- Most semipermiable membranes allow water to cross. When WATER moves from high to low concentration, the process is called osmosis. Animation: http://www.colorado.edu/eeb/web_resources/osmosis/

  8. Facilitated Diffusion- Molecules need to get in, but can’t by diffusion. Many proteins in the cell membraneact to let recognize these molecules and allow them into the cell. **This does not require energy!

  9. Active Transport- Many cells need certain chemicals inhigh concentrations. Many small molecules are pumpedinto a cell by special proteins. *This requires energy! **What makes that energy?

  10. Active Transport- • Endocytosis- Taking IN molecules by cell membranes folding into pockets. • Phagocytosis- When large particles • are taken in through endocytosis • Pinocytosis- Cell taking in liquid • Exocytosis- Vacuoles fuse with cell membranes, forcing molecules OUT.

  11. Endocytosis

  12. Exocytosis

  13. Some Examples… • Salt on a cell • What happens? • If concentration of things in and out of cell are very different and remain that way, what does that tell you about the cell’s functioning?

  14. Cellular Respiration- • Breaking down glucose to create energy in the form of ATP • Aerobic • uses oxygen, makes 36 ATP • Anaerobic • when oxygen is absent, makes 2 ATP

  15. Question: • What are 2 factors that allow some things to cross a membrane while others cannot?

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