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Rekayasa Kualitas

Rekayasa Kualitas. Materi ke – 2 Dasar Rekayasa Kualitas ekop2003@yahoo.com. Contents. Basics of Quality by Design Quality Quality Loss Function Quality and Process Capability Process capability. Basics of Quality by Design. Introduction

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Rekayasa Kualitas

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  1. RekayasaKualitas Materike – 2 DasarRekayasaKualitas ekop2003@yahoo.com

  2. Contents • Basics of Quality by Design • Quality • Quality Loss Function • Quality and Process Capability • Process capability

  3. Basics of Quality by Design • Introduction • A large amount engineering manufacture products in conducting in experiments • Quality by designis one of such engineering methodology • Customer’s perception of quality ( Sony television case in Japan and USA )

  4. Basics of Quality by Design Colour density distribution of Sony America and Japan (April, 1979)

  5. Basics of Quality by Design

  6. Basics of Quality by Design • Taguchi’s definition of quality “ the quality of a products is the ( minimum ) loss imparted by the product to society from the time the products is shipped “ • What is loss – and who pays for it • Loss as additional manufacturing cost • Loss be paid by society

  7. Basics of Quality by Design • Interpretation of loss • Quality loss function (QLF)is quantitative evaluation of quality loss due to functional variation m = target y = hasil pengukuran Δo = toleransi Ao = jumlah kerugian

  8. Basics of Quality by Design

  9. Basics of Quality by Design • Interpretation of loss • A quality characteristics is the object of interest of a product or process • Three types quality characteristics • Nominal the best ( NTB ) • Smaller the better ( STB ) • Larger the better ( LTB )

  10. QLF - Nominal the best ( NTB )( One piece ) • A measurable characteristics with a specific user-defined target value. ( Sony TV : 115 ± 20 volts ) • QLF for NTB

  11. QLF - Nominal the best ( NTB )

  12. QLF - Nominal the best ( NTB )( Many pieces )

  13. QLF – Smaller the better ( STB )( One piece )

  14. QLF - Smaller the better ( STB )( One piece ) Example

  15. QLF - Smaller the better ( STB )( One piece )

  16. QLF - Smaller the better ( STB )( Many pieces )

  17. QLF – Larger the better ( LTB )( One piece )

  18. QLF – Larger the better ( LTB )( One piece ) Example

  19. QLF – Larger the better ( LTB )( Many pieces )

  20. QLF – Asymmetric

  21. Quality and Process Capability Capability process

  22. Quality and Process Capability Capability process

  23. Quality and Process Capability • Spec limit : fixed engineering limit for the product dimmensions • Cp index • Cpkindex • Cpkis an important measure • Cpkas a measure of quality

  24. Quality and Process Capability

  25. Quality and Process Capability

  26. Quality and Process Capability Cpkas a measure of quality • The convesional methods Loss-by-defect = numbers of defect x cost of product = proportion out of spec x total numbe x cost of product • The quality loss function methods Loss-by-dispersion = x numbers of product

  27. Quality and Process Capability Cpkas a measure of quality Example ( Sample 100.000 unit )

  28. Quality and Process Capability Cpkas a measure of quality

  29. Quality and Process Capability Cpkas a measure of quality

  30. Quality and Process Capability Cpkas a measure of quality

  31. Case Study ( Tugas – 2 ) A spring is used in the operation of a camera shutter. The manufacturing process suffers from a degree of variability, in terms of the spring constant (measured in oz/in), which significantly effects the accuracy of the shutter times. The functional limits for this spring constant are m±0.3oz/in (m=0.5oz/in), and the average cost for repairing or replacing a camera with a defective spring is $20. What is the loss function? Hence, what is the loss associated with producing a spring of constant 0.25oz/in versus the loss associated with one at 0.435oz/in.

  32. Next Week • The Design Process • Principle of robust design in the production process • Robust design process • Parameter design

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