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All About File Formats

Learn about different file formats and how to choose the right one for each project. Save time and avoid compatibility issues by understanding native and non-native file formats.

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All About File Formats

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  1. All About File Formats Mr. Butler John Jay High School Department of Technology

  2. Why Study File Formats? • Important to recognize which formats should be used with the appropriate task • Your not wasting your time spending hours working in the wrong file format • Help understand the different file formats and help you choose the right one for each project

  3. Native file formats

  4. Native file formats • When you save a document in the same format as the program you’re working in. • Ex. If you save a Photoshop image as a Photoshop file (instead of as a TIFF of JPEG).

  5. Non-Native file formats • The type of file formats that each software program can create or accept • Sometime you cannot open new files in old programs • Ex. Using Microsoft Word XP at school and trying to open it at home using Microsoft Word 98

  6. Non-Native file formats Exporting or saving as non-native file formats • Export a file or Save As with a different name and format Importing and opening non-native file formats • Importing – bringing a non-native file into an existing page of an application • May also be called insert, Get Picture, Place • Open – just as if it was its own native format, some programs may just open it!

  7. File Formats that Photoshop can open on a Mac

  8. TIFF files

  9. TIFF files • TIFF is an acronym for Tagged Image File Format • Is a raster (bitmapped) file format • Almost every raster program, such as image editing or paint programs, can save as TIFF’s and can be import TIFF’s • TIFF is also the best format to use between Windows and Macintosh.

  10. Scanning as TIFF • TIFF was originally created for scanning

  11. LZW compression • Compression means the information in the file is squished so the file takes up less disk space. • There are two generic types of compression: • Lossy – some data in the files is lost • Lossless – no data is lost during compression • LWZ stands for Lempel, Ziv, and Welch (the three creators of compression)

  12. EPS files (vector) Encapsulated PostScript

  13. DCS files

  14. DCS files • The DCS format is an acronym for Desktop Color Separation • DCS was developed by Quark to allow programs to read CMYK files correctly.

  15. PICT files

  16. PICT files (Macintosh) • PICT is short for “picture” • Created by Apple for images on the first Macintosh systems • A PICT file can contain both vector and raster information

  17. BMP files

  18. BMP files (Windows) • Windows has a BMP format (windows Bitmap) • BMP files are primarily used to create the wallpaper images that fill the background of the Windows screen

  19. WMF files (windows) • The WMF stands for Windows Metafile • Is a vector format for use on the Windows platform • Should only be used with multimedia programs (only when needed)

  20. GIF files

  21. GIF file format • GIF is an acronym for Graphical Interchange Format • Pronounced “gif”, not “jif” because it stands for “graphical” • GIF format can be displayed on any computer • GIF was originally created by CompuServe Online for transferring images online

  22. GIF file format • GIF images are found everywhere on the World Wide Web • GIF image must use the Index color mode, which has a maximum of 256 colors (8-bit)

  23. PNG files

  24. PNG file format • PNG is an acronym for Portable Network Graphic • Pronounced “ping” • Similar to GIF • PNG files can support 24-bit color (millions of colors) and transparency without jagged edges

  25. JPEG files

  26. JPEG files • JPEG is an acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group • Pronounced “jay peg” • JPEG is a compression format that makes images into smaller files • JPEG is a lossy compression • Many stock photo companies save their images with JPEG compression

  27. PDF files

  28. PDF files • PDF is an acronym for Portable Document Format • It is a compression scheme that embeds, right within the file • All the necessary information to view a single document is present: • Text, images, page breaks, fonts, etc.

  29. Any Questions Take a moment and finish up any blank questions on your notes sheet.

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