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Endangered (EN): Considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild Few in number, or facing changing environmental conditions Many countries have laws protecting these species. Siberian Tiger. Cheetah. Blue Whale. American Bison. Critically Endangered (CR):
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Endangered (EN): • Considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild • Few in number, or facing changing environmental conditions • Many countries have laws protecting these species Siberian Tiger Cheetah Blue Whale American Bison
Critically Endangered (CR): • Facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. • 3071 species are considered Critically Endangered • A species numbers have decreased, or will decrease, by 80% within three generations Pygmy three-toed sloth Brown Kiwi Hector’s Dolphin Alabama Sturgeon Javan Rhino Western Lowland Gorilla
Extinct in the Wild (EW): • Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. Hawaiian Crow (2002) Socorro Dove (1972) Barbary Lion (1922)
Extinct (EX): • there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. • Hard to determine; usually only realized after several years • Sometimes a species abruptly “re-appears” • 784 extinctions have been recorded since 1500, but probably many more Golden Toad (1989; extinction linked to climate change) Dodo (late 17th century)
Causes of and Threats to Extinction Natural: • Species do have a natural extinction period; average 10 million years. • Become extinct when they can no longer reproduce or survive in their habitat Human-induced: • Caused by human activities like overharvesting, pollution, habitat destruction, introduction of new predators and food competitors, overhunting, etc. Bali Tiger; extinct since 1937 due to overhunting