OECD ( Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development )

1. OECD (OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment) GROUP MEMBERS ORÇUN ORAN GÖKSEL AKIN BERK KURTULDU GÜLŞAH KABACA

2. History of OECD AftertheSecondWorldWarEuropedestroyedand OEEC wasestablishedwiththepurpose of the Western Europeaneconomies.

3. Thethepurpose of thisorganizationwastodistributetheoldaid of United States. Howeverfunctionslost as time goes on andthestrenghening of Western Europelargelycompleted in 1960. Sothat OECD wasfound in 1961 and it based on the Paris Conventionwhichsigned in 14 December 1960.

5. OECD is inheritor of EuropeanEconomicCooperationorganization. The OEEC originally had 18 participants but knowthisnumber is 33. Thelargepart of themembersarefrom EU andthe UUT whicharemajority of observermembers. OECD countriesbecamerichafterindustry.

6. Mission of OECD Themission of theOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment (OECD) is topromotepoliciesthatwillimprovetheeconomicandsocialwell-being of peoplearoundtheworld. • 1) Improvingthestandards of people in membercountriesandespeciallydevelopingcountries. • 2) Supportingthepolicywhichprovideeconomicdevelopment. • 3) Eliminateunemployment. • 4) Ensurethedevelopment of WorldTradewithoutanydiscriminationbetweencountries.

7. How OECD ChangedOver Time

8. OEEC wasestablished in 1948. • Canada& US joined OEEC in 1960. • OECD wasofficiallyborn on 30 September 1961.

9. Othercountriesjoined in, startingwith Japan in 1964. • A fewdecadesago, somecountrieswereplayers on theworldstage ( China-India-Brazil ) • Thesecountrieshaveemerged as neweconomicgiants.

11. Today , 34 OECD membercountriesidentifty - discuss - analysecommonproblems. In 50 years since OECD wascreatedcalculated in terms of grossdomesticproduct of population . OtherOECD countrieshaveseensimilar.

12. OECD brings 40 countries and acountfor 80% of worldtrade& investmentgiving in addressingthechallengesfacingtheworldeconomy.

13. OrganizationalStructuresWithItsMembers

14. OECD MEMBERS

16. Council Decision-making power is vested in the OECD Council. It is made up of one representative per member country, plus a representative of the European Commission. The Council meets regularly at the level of permanent representatives to OECD and decisions are taken by consensus. These meetings are chaired by the OECD Secretary-General. The Council also meets at ministerial level once a year to discuss key issues and set priorities for OECD work. The work mandated by the Council is carried out by the OECD Secretariat.

17. Committees Representatives of the 34 OECD membercountriesmeet in specialisedcommitteestoadvanceideasandreviewprogress in specificpolicyareas, such as economics, trade, science, employment, educationorfinancialmarkets.Thereareabout 250 committees, workinggroupsandexpertgroups. Some 40 000 seniorofficialsfromnationaladministrationsgoto OECD committeemeetingseachyeartorequest, reviewandcontributetoworkundertakenbythe OECD Secretariat. Oncetheyreturnhome, theyhave online accesstodocumentsand can exchangeinformationthrough a special network.

18. Secretariat AngelGurríaheadsthe OECD Secretariatand is assistedbyoneormoreDeputySecretaries-General. MrGurríaalsochairstheCouncil, providingthe link betweennationaldelegationsandtheSecretariat.TheSecretariat in Paris is madeup of some 2 500 staffwhosupporttheactivities of committees, andcarryoutthework in responsetoprioritiesdecidedbythe OECD Council. Thestaffincludeseconomists, lawyers, scientistsandotherprofessionals. Moststaffmembersarebased in Paris but somework at OECD centres in othercountries.

19. Whatdoes OECD do andwhatdid OECD do?

20. OECD’S WAY OF WORKING

21. MAIN ACTIVITIES OF OECD • PEER REVIEWS • AGREEMENTS • LEGAL INSTRUMENTS • STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS • PUBLICATIONS

22. PEER REVIEW PROCESS Peer review has been used at the OECD since the organization was created. It has changed over time to take account of new developments, including the involvement of civil society, business and labor. One measure of the success of the OECD peer review process is that other international organizations have also adopted the method, although the practice has been most extensively developed at the OECD. More recently, members of the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD)have asked the OECD to help them bring peer review to their region.

23. An Example: “Shaping Policy Reform and Peer Review in Southeast Asia: Integrating Economies amid Diversity” The Southeast Asian region has experienced remarkable economic dynamism in the past few decades. An interesting feature of recent developments in the region is that in spite of its diversity, several initiatives have been launched towards integration. The peerreview mechanism has been tried and tested instrument for countries to work together successfully over the past decades. This tool could benefit the Southeast Asian region as it helps identify good practices, establish standards and principles and ultimately improve the performance of participating economies. This publication examines the possible application of peer reviews to address regional and domestic challenges in Southeast Asia. It is a useful and insightful resource for anybody interested in Southeast Asian economies, regional integration and peer review mechanisms.

24. AGREEMENTS, STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Discussions at OECD committee-level sometimes evolve into negotiations where OECD countries agree on rules of the game for international co-operation. They can culminate in formal agreements by countries, for example on combating bribery, on arrangements forexport credits, or on the treatment of capital movements. They may produce standards and models, for example in the application of bilateral treaties on taxation, or recommendations, for example on cross-border co-operationin enforcing laws against spam. They may also result in guidelines, for example on corporate governance or environmental practices.

25. OECD’S LEGAL INSTRUMENTS: “THE OECD ACTS” These Acts are the result of the substantive work carried out in the Organization’s Committees. They are based on in-depth analysis and reporting undertaken within the Secretariat and cover a wide range of topics from Anti-Corruption to Environment.

26. THE OECD ACTS The end products include international norms and standards, best practices and policy guidelines. Some of them, such as the Codes of Liberalization, are including these points: • Decisionsare legally binding on all those Member countries which do notabstain at the time they are adopted. • Recommendations are not legally binding, but practice accords them great moral force as representing the political will of Member countries and there is an expectation that Member countries will do their utmost to fully implement a Recommendation. • Declarations are texts that setting out relatively precise policy commitments are subscribed to by the governments of Member countries. • Arrangements and Understandingsare instruments negotiated and adopted in the framework of the Organisation by some Membercountries. • International Agreementsare concluded in the framework of the Organization and they are legally binding on the Parties.

27. PUBLICATIONS • What lessons has the crisis taught us about economic policy making and the need for new approaches? • Will unemployed youths ever reach their full working potential? • How big a threat is inequality to growth and stability? • How do we really measure the progress of our societies?