Impact of IT on Higher Education

1. Impact of IT onHigher Education

2. Alan Greenspan /Ben Bernake Information Technology has led to substantial gains in productivity and innovation in U.S. business and industry, keeping our country in a leadership position in the international economy. Does higher education need technology to be productive and innovative to maintain its lead in the world?

3. Areas of Future Innovation Where IT Can Have an Impact Health care Knowledge worker productivity Global warming Aging population Business process cycle times Customer intent/needs

4. Concerns: Business vs. EducationCEO U President Growth Global competition IT as an enhancer IT as an inhibitor Information overload Merger & acquisition Regulation Return on assets

5. What a President/Provost WantsFrom a CIO Background in higher education with a �big picture� perspective Expertise and understanding of technology Understanding of the culture and politics of academia�and what governing boards can and cannot do A seat at the strategic decision-making table Focus on the institutional mission Recognition that technology is a people business A pragmatic revolutionary approach Understanding that technology choices are temporary in an enterprise that is millennial Ability to build a reliable, cost-effective infrastructure Acknowledgement that the CIO is not �special�

10. Disruptive Competition

12. Competition Online courses from other institutions For-profit colleges with a blended online classroom flexible experience Learning objects (multimedia units of a course) Commercial courses Google (Its mission is to provide all scholarly books, periodicals and audio-video materials on line searchable. Google has the combined business revenues of NBC, CBS, ABC and Fox.) Offerings by competitors that focus on satisfying students as consumers

14. Our students are digital natives . . . Consumer experience drives expectations. Desktop ? Mobile computing Web sites ? Web experiences Games ? Cast member/participant/group play Static web content ? Real-time interaction & collaboration Telephones ? Integrated mobile info, social, and recreational devices Email ? Instant video, voice, text messaging Consumer product shows may be the best indicator of future IT trends.

15. Students arrive with different life experiences and expectations. They are used to receiving info very fast. They like to parallel process and multi-task. They prefer graphics before text. They prefer random access (hypertext). They function best when networked. They thrive on instant gratification and instant rewards. They prefer games to �serious� work. They expect to create the context of their online experience. They arrive with �entitlement� expectations for campus workplace services.

16. Digital natives expect services to accommodate their preferences. Information online, not �in line� Information on-demand, free of place or time Blended classroom and online experience Flexible schedule for working students Relevant and timely content More team collaboration More content from multiple sources Interactive content from voice, video and data Ability to contribute, as well as consume, content/knowledge

17. Lines between personal and academic life are blurring.

18. Centrally Coordinated and ProvidedCommodity Services Telephone Services Wire and Cable Network Connectivity Wireless Services Email / Calendar / Collaboration Mobile Communications Software Licensing Web Services / Portals / Web Content Management DNS Services Data Centers Administrative Data Processing

20. Workplace Architecture Extremes Chaos Nothing works with anything else All data must be reentered Lack of communication between processes No synergies Conflicting methods and interfaces Massive management costs Incompatible security models

21. Workplace Architecture The human interface with people, processes, information, and technology The way YOU interface with information and services The work YOU do each day The associations and relationships that YOU have with others YOUR workplace �entitlements� Blurring between YOUR personal and professional / academic life

23. What is the current state of our workplace architecture? Institutional silos jumble the context of information and processes, increase the cost of services, lower the quality of services, and confuse the consumer. Prospective student portal Campus Information System my.utah.edu Web CT Office of Budget and Institutional Analysis Data HumIS www.utah.edu Campus web content management system Campus events calendar, phone directory, map, etc. Library resources. And so on . . . .

24. Workplace Architecture �Acid Test� Properties Agile, flexible adaptive, productive extensible Service orientation World-class design Standards and interoperability Mobility

25. Benefits of a Process View in Higher Education Higher education institutions that use the process view will achieve institutionally-aligned IT services that will improve customer satisfaction and overall quality and cost within six years.

26. IT Supports Business Processes Refines business processes and supports decision making. Fosters innovation. Requires business-process analysis competency. Faces outward to consumers and suppliers. Is based on business strategy - not physical infrastructure or rigid vendor solutions Demands transformation from �IT first� to �Business first.�

27. Customer Relations Management (CRM) IT is making systematic CRM possible. General Motors is failing due to inability to incorporate consumer expectations in products. Higher Ed must ask consumers about their experiences and then respond. Because it was done �that way� yesterday isn�t a good reason to do it �that way� today. The key to our success is in being more student- centered and sharing accountability for student achievement. CRM should engage students from recruitment through alumni and lifelong giving to the U. CRM is used effectively by Wal-Mart, Amazon, Ball State, Portland State, et al.

28. World-Wide Emerging Technology Trends Innovation will come from other parts of the world other than the U.S. The Chinese have skipped the Internet first generation. Growth will occur in Asia, and continue to decrease in Western Europe. U.S. Industry is compulsively outsourcing abroad. Software is moving from forms-based applications to business processes. Networks are migrating to IP and optical networking technologies.

29. Web 2.0 Advanced Internet technology and applications including blogs, wikis, RSS, social bookmarking, etc. Greater collaboration among Internet users, content providers, and enterprises User input into the nature and scope of Web content, including real-time control over it Ability to �mash up� information from different sources to create the desired context for the information Key words: dynamic, interactive, collaborative Light and dark side � YouTube and blogs as weapons.

30. Portal vs.Content Management The word �portal� is often used to describe application user interfaces. This is not the original concept for the �portal.� Portals present information, content and services (including applications) in a context defined by the consumer role and personal desires, not dictated by IT or the application. Portals can allow for the �blurring� line between a consumer�s personal and professional life. Content Management creates, organizes, and describes both structured and unstructured content so that it can be used at different delivery points based on roles and context.

31. Top 10 Technologies Open source Virtualization Information access/personal search Ubiquitous computing Business process platform/not from PS Business Process Management Strategy and BPM Suite to flowchart process and automate �Workplace� architecture built upon an �Enterprise� architecture of information, processes, and infrastructure. Video/multimedia on demand Web 2.0 Mashups

32. IT Infrastructure Networks will increase 500% in capacity in the next five years. Half of all computers will be laptops. 60% of all colleges and universities have a campus wide wireless plans. Computers are increasing in the number of processors from 2 to 4 to 8 by 2008. Research networks will go from 622 megabits to 80 gigabits. On-demand, high-definition video will consume a large part of network capacity.

33. IT Infrastructure Cost Spending on IT is growing moderately � more is expected for less, and Industry is reducing IT cost relative to revenue, yet We continue to add server hardware for every application that is installed Average usage of a typical server is about 17% For every $1 spent on hardware, we spend $7 or more on support. We spend $0.25 for power and cooling for each $1.00 spend in hardware CAPEX 20 � 25 servers per admin in distributed computing environment Data center space? University operates in a costly, distributed environment.

35. Here are 9 things that we must do in the short term. Create value faster than we can reduce IT costs. Complete automation of operational processes by 2009. (Get people out of the equation.) Attain �corrective phase� security status by 2008 (Stop using the word �security.� Substitute �risk management.�) Create a business intelligence competency center by 2008. Apply a �multi-sourcing� discipline to all sourcing arrangements by 2009. Operate all revenue-generating business processes in a Web 2.0 architecture by 2008. Establish cross-project, enterprise-level application management before 2009. Retire 10% of applications by 2008. (They are probably close to worthless anyway.) Model every mission critical customer and supplier facing business process by 2007. Flowchart the processes.

36. The Need for Change Mindset (Culture / Vision) Structure (Organization) Process (Procedure) Infrastructure (Technology)

37. World-Wide Emerging Technology Trends Improved speech recognition Fuel cells and improved battery life More GPS-enabled, location-aware services Moore�s Law (increasing chip density) More network bandwidth( 100 terabyte with a single fiber) 60% broadband in US More computing power More storage

38. World-Wide Emerging Technology Trends Search engines will continue to increase access to books, web sites, recordings, movies, learning objects, lectures, the desk top and increased advertising revenue. Search is moving from search to navigation Google now makes more in advertising revenue than ABC, CBS and NBC combined Instant Messaging will surpass email in volume of communication in 5 years

39. Social Trends: Information Environmentalism A movement that seeks to reduce information overload and its effects on people�s lives. Privacy is a primary concern.

40. Social Trends: Voluntary Simplicity A lifestyle that consciously avoids luxury, flamboyance, stress and pretense. Lloyds of London found 70% of the work force falls in this category. They are productive but don�t want to move up the ladder.

41. Social Trends: Worst-Nightmare Stakeholders Consumers or employees who use social networking and blogs to intimidate firms

42. Social Trends: Cocooning Making your home the central focus for social activities and work Telecommuting Home shopping Gated communities Home entertainment centers

47. The State of IT inHigher Education The state of Information Technology (IT) in higher education is fragile and under funded. Buildings and personnel are systematically funded � IT is not. We have proposed a plan to improve the condition of IT infrastructure and adequately fund IT.