Chinese Dynasties of Unit 2 Unit 2: 600CE - 1450CE

1. Chinese Dynasties of Unit 2 Unit 2: 600CE - 1450CE

2. Chinese DynastiesSuiTangSong

3. Chinese DynastiesFrom beginning to end… • Xia Dynasty 1994 BCE - 1766 BCE • Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE - 1027 BCE • Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE • Qin Dynasty 221 BCE - 206 BCE • Early Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 9 AD • Xin Dynasty 9 AD - 24 AD • Later Han Dynasty 25 AD - 220 AD • Three Kingdoms - Period of Disunion 220 AD - 280 AD • Sui Dynasty 589 AD - 618 AD • Tang Dynasty 618 AD - 907 AD • Sung Dynasty 969 AD - 1279 AD • Yuan Dyansty 1279 AD - 1368 AD • Ming Dynasty 1368 AD - 1644 AD • Manchu or Qing Dynasty 1644 AD - 1912 AD

4. Let’s Sing! Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han Sui, Tang, Song Sui, Tang, Song Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong

5. Post-Han China • Period of the Six Dynasties (220-589CE) • Bureaucracy collapsed • Buddhism gained strength, replacing Confucianism • Non-Chinese nomads rule much Chinese territory

6. Sui Dynasty (589-618CE) • Established by Wendi • Lowered taxes • Established granaries – stable, cheap food supply http://www.crystalinks.com/chinadynasties.html

7. Sui Dynasty (589-618CE) • Yangdi replaced his father, Wendi • Brought scholar-gentry back into the administration • Expensive construction • New capital at Loyang • Canals to link the empire • Failed to conquer Korea and then defeated by Turkic nomads, led to widespread revolts • Assassinated in 618CE

8. Tang Dynasty (618-907CE) • Li Yuan won control of China • Tang armies extend to Afghanistan, dominating nomads on boarders • Used Turkic nomads in military, assimilate into Chinese culture • Great Wall is repaired http://www.crystalinks.com/chinadynasties.html

9. Tang Dynasty (618-907CE) • Rebuilt Bureaucracy • Confucian ideology restored • Political authority shared by imperial families and scholar-gentry bureaucrats • Examination System • Training in Confucian classics and Chinese literature • Some commoners could rise to high levels, but still dominated by prominent families

10. Tang Dynasty (618-907CE) • Religion • Confucians and Daoists opposed Buddhist growth • Open persecution – monasteries destroyed, taxation • Confucianism re-emerged as central Chinese ideology • Decline of the Tang • Weak leadership • Nomadic frontier peoples and regional governors gain influence • Worsening economic conditions lead to revolts

11. Song Dynasty (969-1279CE) • Taizu reunited China under the Song • Failed to defeat border nomads – sets legacy of weakness • Politics • Not as strong politically or militarily as the Tang • Strong support of Confucian values • Neo-Confucianism – emphasis on high morality, hostility to foreign influence, stress on tradition (stifled innovation), authority of men

12. Song Dynasty (969-1279CE) • Decline • Nomads on the borders • Neo-Confucianism weakens the military • Poor leadership • Mongols – eventually invade Song China

13. Legacies – Tang and Song • Grand Canal – under Yangdi (Sui) and other canals continue • Commercial Expansion – Silk Road, maritime trade, increased urban centers • Agricultural Production – continued to increase • Family – male-dominated households continue and increase with Song (note foot-binding), Neo-Confucianism contributed to deterioration of status of women • Technology – tools, weapons, paper money, compass, paper, printing • Art – artwork, poetry (Li Bo) – celebrating the natural world • Bureaucracy was re-established

14. Women vs. Men:Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism • Roles of women and men • Foot binding • Wang Anshi’s reforms of the 11th Century • 1085 – Wang dies • Reforms are reversed in Song Dynasty