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Earthquakes!

Earthquakes!. Seismic Waves General Info. Seismic waves are the energy released when rocks break along faults . Focus = the point within the Earth’s Interior at which this energy is first released. Seismic waves are produced and travel outward from the earthquake focus.

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Earthquakes!

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  1. Earthquakes!

  2. Seismic Waves General Info • Seismic waves are the energy released when rocks break along faults. • Focus = the point within the Earth’s Interior at which this energy is first released. • Seismic waves are produced and travel outward from the earthquake focus. • Are Seismic Waves Compressional or Transverse Waves? – Why??

  3. Epicenter • EQ Epicenter = the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the earthquake’s focus. • The speeds of seismic waves allows us to determine how far away earthquake epicenter is from a seismic station. • Measured with Seismograph.

  4. “Body” Waves • P-waves (Primary Waves) • Fastest Seismic Wave • Cause particles in rocks to move back & forth in same direction. Ex: Stretched Spring, Compressional / Sound Wave. • S-waves (Secondary Waves)  Cause particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the wave travel. Ex: Ocean Wave, Transverse Wave.

  5. Surface Waves  Move rock particles in a rolling, side-to-side, swaying motion.  Most damaging type of seismic waves.

  6. Measuring EQ’s • Richter Scale • Used to measure the strength of an earthquake. • Based on the height of the lines on the seismograph. • Scale has no upper limit, but 9.5 is estimated maximum.

  7. Measuring EQ’s • Mercalli Intensity Scale • Used to measure the intensity of an earthquake based on the amount of damage caused by the earthquake. • Scale has 12 levels.

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