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What is the best way to find the truth?. Fiction and Nonfiction . Fiction A made up story Can tell about things that could happen Is read for fun Characters may be like real people or imaginary. Non-Fiction Has facts that can be checked and proven
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Fiction A made up story Can tell about things that could happen Is read for fun Characters may be like real people or imaginary Non-Fiction Has facts that can be checked and proven The author is an expert on this information. All categories of books or stories can be called either fiction or non-fiction.
Fiction or Nonfiction? Fiction • Story is created from the author’s imagination • Stories are pretend • Animals or objects can talk, wear clothes, have jobs • People in the story can do things people cannot really do • Story might have funny pictures
Forms of Fiction There are three main forms of fiction. • Novel: long work of fiction; contains the basic elements of fiction; may contain subplots along with the main plot Subplots: independent related stories • Novella: shorter than a novel but longer than a short story • Short Story: brief work of fiction; contains basic elements of fiction; one main plot; one conflict; most can be read in one sitting
Picture books Chapter books Comics Story books What is Fiction?Fiction is a story that isnot real.
Genres of Fiction Mystery (Nancy Drew) Horror (Goosebumps) Fantasy (Harry Potter) Science-fiction (Star Wars) Myths, Fairytales, Legends (Cinderella) Historical Fiction (Letters from Rifka) Can you name any others?
Elements of Fiction • Setting • Character • Plot • Point of View • Theme • Symbolism • Other
Nonfiction Fiction or Nonfiction? • Story is true and factual • Stories are about real people • Book gives information • Might have maps or real pictures • Pictures have captions describing the photograph • An index in the back helps find information • Might have a glossary which defines some words
What is Non-Fiction? Text that is TRUE and based on REAL information Forms of Non-Fiction Text: Newspapers Dictionaries Encyclopedias Scholastic News Textbooks Magazines Non-Fiction Books
Forms of Nonfiction Two broad categories of nonfiction are literary nonfiction and functional texts. • Literary Nonfiction: has elements of fiction; For example it might use vivid descriptions, a dramatic writing style, or poetic language. • Functional Texts: give instructions, show directions, explain rules, provide other information that helps you complete procedures; often use illustrations or graphics
Literary Nonfiction • Autobiographies and memoirs: tell the story of the author’s life • Biographies: tell the story of someone’s life from the perspective of another writer • Letters: written communications from person to person
Essays and Articles: brief works about a specific topic • Reviews: tell what is good and what is bad about a work of art or performance. • Reports: give information about a topic explored through research
Functional Texts • Recipes: tell how to prepare food • Directions: tell how to operate or assemble equipment • Schedules: tell when events take place • Menus: tell which foods are available and their cost • Brochures: use pictures and text to advertise places or events • Maps: are diagrams that show areas of land • Applications: are written requests to an authority
Features of Non-Fiction • Table of Contents • Glossary • Index • Headings • Bold Print • Photographs/Real Pictures • Charts, Graphs, and Maps • Captions • Fact and Opinion
Leave your notes on your desk! Get out your practice paper! Write “Features of Nonfiction” on your paper and then answer the following.
Table of Contents • It tells you what is in the book • It tells you the heading and the page number • It is found in the front Table of Contents What is Fiction? Page 1 What is Non-Fiction? Page 3 Features of Non-Fiction Page 5 Forms of Non-Fiction Page 10 I can learn about the Features of Non-Fiction on page: a. 1b. 4c. 5
Glossary • It gives you a word and its definition • It is in alphabetical order • The important words are in bold print • Usually found in the back of the text
Index • A list in alphabetical order of common important words or topics with page numbers • Found in the back of the text True or False: Topics found in the index can appear on more than one page in the text. TRUE FALSE
Headings • They tell us what the new topic is about • Found at the top of the page or at the beginning of a new topic
Bold Print • The print will be thicker and darker than other words • Found throughout the text “This is a presentation on the features of fiction and non-fiction. If this were a non-fiction book, you could go to the Glossary to find the meanings of the words that are in Bold Print.” Which of the following words in the above paragraph are in bold print? a. fiction b. features c. Glossary
Photographs/Real Pictures • They are real pictures or photographs, not drawings or cartoons. • Found throughout the text
Charts, Graphs, and Maps • Illustrations of important information • Found throughout the text
Captions • A caption explains what a picture, chart, graph, or map is about. • Captions are found near a picture, chart, graph, or maps Example of a caption: This is an image of a monarch caterpillar taken at a butterfly garden in Florida.
Fact & Opinion • A fact is a true statement. • An opinion is something that someone thinks. Fact or opinion? Mrs. Greer’s room is prettier than Mrs. Saylor’s room.
Table of Contents • It tells you what is in the book • It tells you the heading and the page number • It is found in the front Table of Contents What is Fiction? Page 1 What is Non-Fiction? Page 3 Features of Non-Fiction Page 5 Forms of Non-Fiction Page 10 c. 5 I can learn about the Features of Non-Fiction on page: a. 1b. 4c. 5
Index • A list in alphabetical order of common important words or topics with page numbers • Found in the back of the text TRUE True or False: Topics found in the index can appear on more than one page in the text. TRUE FALSE
Bold Print • The print will be thicker and darker than other words • Found throughout the text a. fiction “This is a presentation on the features of fiction and non-fiction. If this were a non-fiction book, you could go to the Glossary to find the meanings of the words that are in Bold Print.” Which of the following words in the above paragraph are in bold print? a. fiction b. features c. Glossary
Fact & Opinion • A fact is a true statement. • An opinion is something that someone thinks. Fact or opinion? Mrs. Greer’s room is prettier than Mrs. Saylor’s room. Opinion
Leave your notes on your desk! Get out your practice paper! Write “Fiction/Nonfiction” on your paper and then answer the following.
Fiction or Nonfiction? • a mouse that sings • how to cook spaghetti • the life of the president of the United States • a person who can jump over a house • flowers that sing • an elephant that wears a ballerina tutu • wild animals that live in Africa • the surface of the moon • a dog that can talk • how to grow a garden • a moose that can drive a bus • how the heart pumps blood in the body • a tree made of chocolate and gumdrops • which foods are healthy to eat • how to draw a bird • a snowman that comes to life
Elements • Setting • Character • Point of View • Plot • Theme • Narrator
Setting: the time, place and period in which the action takes place. The Bean Trees: Arizona/Oklahoma 1980s. Lord of the Flies: deserted island, the future. TheCatcher in the Rye:New York, 1940s
Setting • Where the story takes place. It could be a real place or an imaginary place.
Details that describe: Furniture Scenery Customs Transportation Clothing Dialects Weather Time of day Time of year Setting Time and place are where the action occurs
Leave your notes on your desk! Get out your practice paper! Write “setting” on your paper and then answer the following.
Characters The people, animals, or things in the story.
Every story needs characters Animals People Or Creatures
