BACTERIA A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away… There was Bacteria It had two types Eubacteria, and Archaebacteria A

1. BACTERIA A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away… There was Bacteria It had two types Eubacteria, and Archaebacteria And it was interesting… A Presentation by Trip Smith And Mason Watson

2. Two forms of Prokaryote Archaebacteria Eubacteria The oldest prokaryote fossils date from 3.5 Billion years ago. All prokaryotes lack distinct nuclei bound by membranes. Archaebacteria can go without oxygen, and often live in inhospitable environments. Although both Eubacteria and Archaebacteria arose from the same ancestor billions of years ago, they bear few common traits today. Introduction

3. The Dead Sea A Volcano • Places Archaebacteria have been known to live are marshes, lake sediments, digestive tracts of mammals, sewage, places of high salt concentration (such as the dead sea), and areas of extreme heat.

4. Structure • Unicellular • Archaebacteria is more similar to Eukaryotic Cells • Cell Wall • “Bacteria live in hypotonic environments”

5. Major Phyla & Species • Few Hundred Species of Archaebacteria. • More than 10,000 Species of Eubacteria • Cyanobacteria – Photosynthetic Autotroph • Mycoplasma pneumoniae – Pneumonia • Bordetella pertussis – Whooping Cough • Bacillus anthracis – Anthrax • Pasteurella pestis – The Bubonic Plague • Vibrio cholerae – Cholera • Bacteria causes many extremely deadly diseases.

6. BACTERIA SPECIES CASE STUDY:THE BUBONIC PLAGUE

7. Pasteurella Pestis • Pastuerella Pestis is the species of Eubacteria that caused the Bubonic Plague. • Known as the black death, the Bubonic plague killed millions in Europe during the 1300’s. • The plague was introduced to Europe from China on an Italian merchant ship in October 1347. • By August the plague had spread to England, where the natives called it “The Black Death.” • In 1352, five years later, the population of Europe had decreased from 75 million to 50 million. • The Plague was never fully eradicated, and showed up in serious epidemics until the 1600’s. It still exists today, being contracted by roughly 2,000 people per year.

8. How the Plague Spread Human Develops Black Spots “Bubos” Rat Infects a Human Human Dies Flee with Pasteurella Pestis Bites a Rat

9. Feeding/Obtain Energy • Eubacteria • Feed from organic molecules and living organisms • Photosynthetic Autotroph • Carries out Photosynthesis • Chemosynthetic Autotroph • “makes organic molecules” • Breaks down inorganic compunds

10. Asexual Binary Fission Copies chromosome Copy and original join to membrane Separate Divide into two “genetically identical” cells Sexual Conjugation Transferring part or all of chromosome over pilus Reproduction

11. DIRECTORS MASON WATSON AND TRIP SMITH PRODUCERS MASON WATSON AND TRIP SMITH CONCEPT MASON WATSON AND TRIP SMITH SLIDE CREDITS: OPENING: MASON WATSON AND ANDREW RICHARDSON INTRODUCTION: MASON WATSON STRUCTURE: TRIP SMITH FEEDING: TRIP SMITH MAJOR PHYLA: MASON WATSON BUBONIC PLAGUE CASE STUDY: MASON WATSON REPRODUCTION: TRIP SMITH CREDITS: MASON WATSON AND TRIP SMITH ANIMATION TRIP SMITH IMAGERY MASON WATSON SLOW MOTION CHARIOTS OF FIRE GUY JOE SHAPIRO SPECIAL THANKS TO: MR. HINDLE MR. DUANE ANDREW RICHARDSON A SMITH AND WATSON PRODUCTION THE END

12. But wait there’s more… CHARIOTS OF FIRE