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Energy

Energy. Non-Renewable. Canadian Installed Generating Capacity - 2006. Energy Sources in Ontario. Why do Canadians use so much Energy?. Climate – Seasonal changes in temperature Canada is very cold, we need to have heat; also summers are very hot, we need air conditioning

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Energy

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  1. Energy Non-Renewable

  2. Canadian Installed Generating Capacity - 2006

  3. Energy Sources in Ontario

  4. Why do Canadians use so much Energy? Climate – Seasonal changes in temperature Canada is very cold, we need to have heat; also summers are very hot, we need air conditioning Transportation – Canada is a large country, and the population is spread out so transportation takes more time and energy

  5. COAL (2.7% of Ontario’s energy but soon to be 0%) Coal plants in Ontario Coal Animation http://www.odec.ca/projects/2006/wong6j2/coalAnimation.html

  6. Nanticoke (Coal) Generating Station

  7. Coal Mines in Canada 24 producing coal mines primarily in the west (2014) • British Columbia (10 mines) • Alberta (9 mines) • Saskatchewan (3 mines) • Nova Scotia (2 mines)

  8. Coal mining at Brule Mine located in northeast B.C.

  9. Use for Coal • Worldwide, more electricity is generated from coal than any other source. • Coal generates 41% of the world's electricity. • ~70% of world's steel production depends on coal. • Canadian coal is exported to 21 countries on five continents with an annual value of approximately $2 billion.

  10. COAL Pros • Mature technology • Fairly efficient (produces lots of energy) • Newer plants have filters that eliminate 99% of smoke particles and 95% of carbon released • International market

  11. Coal Cons • Harder to transport than natural gas • Limited supply • Older plants generate large amounts of air pollution • Generated smoke causes health conditions such as emphysema • Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen emissions can bind to water creating acid rain • New plants take long time to build

  12. GHG Emissionsfrom coal-fired power generating Plants2014

  13. Nuclear • Canada Deuterium-Uranium or CANDU reactors are used in Canada. • The unique design uses compressed uranium dioxide pellets that are baked at high temperatures. • The reactors are highly radioactive so the reactor core is heavily shielded to protect the station's operators. • Radioactive waste is produced and must be stored

  14. Important in Ontario's industrial heartland as it supplies over half the province's electricity • No nuclear power plants in Western Canada: prohibited in B.C. • France operates 68 nuclear reactors that provide the country with 75% of its electricity: "No coal, no oil, no gas, no choice." • Germany to close all of their nuclear plants by 2022 • Japan's plants have operated without serious accidents since the 1960s. They can be uniquely vulnerable to the one-two punch combined effects of an earthquake followed by a tsunami

  15. Nuclear OPG Nuclear How it works

  16. Uranium Operating Mines in Canada Uranium Operating Mine Nuclear Power Plant

  17. Ontario Power Generation Nuclear Stations Bruce Nuclear Generating Station on Lake Huron near Kincardine, Ontario

  18. NUCLEAR: Pros • Most efficient power source by land area • More efficient at transforming energy into electricity than coal plants and renewable energy sources. • Nuclear plants don't emit carbon dioxide or other Green House Gases. • Nuclear power plants cause only 0.25 per cent of our exposure to radioactivity, while medical applications such as X-rays contribute 150 times more.

  19. NUCLEAR: Pros • Uranium reserves are abundant in Canada. • Nuclear plants need to be refuelled once a year versus coal plants, which need trainloads of coal every day. • Spent waste being reused People cool off in the water in front of Pickering Nuclear Generating Station

  20. NUCLEAR CONS • Outdated reactors: lack containment features, computer-controlled instruments and adequate fire-prevention systems. E.g. Chernobyl • Mechanical and operator failure: meltdowns caused when coolant escapes into the environment • Chemical processing of uranium ore leaves residues that can lead to radon exposure to the public. Note: radon risk is less than that of coal. • Cooling effluent would solve thermal pollution problem but is costly. • Cooling water heats up rivers and reservoirs, causing potential harm to aquatic life.

  21. NUCLEAR - CONS • Buried waste sites could be breached by an earthquake. • Transport of waste is risky. • Concern that nuclear energy technology will be used by the military in unstable countries. • High-level waste could fall into the hands of terrorists. Three Mile Island Accident, USA VIDEO Fukushima Leaking contaminated water

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