rGb|l ;+x s'n 'ª ;+: yfks cWoIf , kmf ] lgh

1. d"nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿dfcflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;jfnx¿sf] ;dembfl/tfdfclej[l4Ps /fli6«o ax; sfo{zfnf!$ sflt{s @)&!, sf7df8f}+ . rGb|l;+x s'n'ª ;+:yfkscWoIf, kmf]lgh cfof]hsM g]kfncflbjf;Lhghfltkqsf/ dxf;+3 -kmf]lgh_

2. cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7gssf] dxf;lGw, !^(,cflbjf;L tyf hghlt ;DaGwL dxf;lGw, !(*( Wf/f­!=!=-s_M­;fF:s[lts / cfly{s cj:yfx?n] /fli6«o ;d'bfosfcGo ;d"xx?af6 km/s /x]sf, tof/L cj:yfcfk\mg} k/Dk/f jfk|yfjfljz]if sfg"gsf] jflgodx?sf] sf/0faf6k"0f{ of cf+lzs?kdf ;+rflntePsf :jtGqd'n'ssfhghfltx? . Wf/f­!=!=-v_M­ljhoul/Psfjfcf}klgj]zLs/0fsfjfjt{dfg /fHol;dfgfsf] :yfkgfx'Fbfsfavtd'n'sjf ;f] d'n's /x]sf] s'g} ef}uf]lns If]qdfa;f]af; u/]sfafl;Gbx?sf] j+zePsf] sf/0fn] cflbjf;Ldflgg] / cfk\mgf] sfg"gL x}l;otn] h:tf];'s} ePtfklgcfk\mgf] s]xLjf ;a} ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;f+:s]lts / /fhgLlts ;+:yfx? sfod /fVg] :jtGqd'n'ssfhgtfx? . Wff/f­!=@= cflbjf;Ltyfhghfltsf] ?kdf :jklxrfgnfO{ o; dxf;lGwsfJoj:yfx? Nffu"x'g] ;d"xx?sf] lgwf{/0fug{sf]nfluPp6fdf}lnsdfkb08dflgg]5 . Wff/f­!=#= o; dxf;lGwdfk|o'QmhgtfzAbnfO{ cGt/f{li6osfg"gcGt{ut ;f] zAbn] hgfpg ;Sg] clwsf/x?sf ;DaGwdfs'g} klgk|efjkfg]{ u/L JofVoful/g] 5}g .

3. cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fgsf] Aoj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g—@)%* P]gsf] kl/R5]b !-@_-s_ • …cflbjf;LhghflteGgfn] cfkm\gf] dft[efiff / k/Dk/fut /Lltl/jfh, 5'6\6} ;f+:s[ltsklxrfg, 5'6\6} ;fdflhs ;+/rgf / lnlvtjfclnlvtOltxf; ePsf] cg';"rLadf]lhdsf] hfltjf ;d'bfo ;Demg' k5{ .’

4. List of Indigenous Nationalities as per NFDIN Act-2002, Schedule-1

5. cflbjf;L hghflt ;"rL kl/dfh{g pRr:t/Lo sfo{bn–@)^%n] @)^^.!!.% df l;kmfl/; u/]sf yk @% hflt tyf ;d'bfox¿

6. ;~rf/ eGgfn] s] a'lemG5< • cfˆgf cfjfhx¿ cleJoQm ug{;Sg], ax;df ;xeflu x'g;Sg] / cflbjf;L hghfltsf] hLjgx¿df c;/kfg]{ lg0f{ox¿nfO{ k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ;~rf/ xf] eGg] a'em\g'kb{5. -Communication for Empowerment in Nepal(C4E), An Assessment of communication and media needs among indigenous peoples-2009, UNDP(RCB), Social Change Consortium and UNDEF, Terms and Definitions_

7. ;"rgf eGgfn] s] a'lemG5< • ……;"rgfÚÚ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs lgsfoaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] jf ePsf] ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] sfd, tT;DaGwL sf/jfxL jf lg0f{o;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} lnvt, ;fdu|L jf hfgsf/L ;Demg' k5{ . -;"rgfsf] xs ;DaGwL P]g–@)^$, bkmf–@-v__ • ;jfn tyf clwsf/x¿sf] a'emfOdfkm{t cflbjf;L hghflt ;zlQms/0fsf]nflu ;"rgf Ps k"j{ ;t{ xf] .-C4E, Terms & Definitions, 2009, UNDP, RCO, Bangkok_

8. ;"rgfsf] xs eGgfn] s] a'lemG5< ……;"rgfsf] xsÚÚeGgfn] ;fj{hlgslgsfodf /x]sf] ;fj{hlgsdxTjsf] ;"rgfdfUg] / kfpg] clwsf/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;fj{hlgslgsfodf /x]sf] s'g} lnvt, ;fdu|Ljf ;f] lgsfosf] sfdsf/jfxLsf] cWoogjfcjnf]sgug]{, To:tf] lnvtsf] k|dfl0ftk|ltlnlkk|fKtug]{, ;fj{hlgsdxTjsf] lgdf{0fsfo{ e}/x]sf] :ynsf] e|d0f / cjnf]sgug]{, s'g} ;fdu|Lsf] k|dfl0ftgd"gflng] jfs'g} klglsl;dsf] oGqdf /flvPsf] ;"rgfTo:tf] oGqdfkm{t k|fKtug]{ clwsf/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . -;"rgfsf] xssf] P]g­@)^$ / lgodfjnL­@)^%_

9. k[i7e"dLM • æg]kfnLldl8ofdfafx'g, If]qL / s]xL g]jf/ k'?ifxfjL5g\ . o; sf/0fn] ;dfhsf] ax'ntf / ljljwtfsf] g]kfnLld8ofn] k|ltlglwTjug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . o;n] ubf{ g]kfnLldl8ofsf] ljZj;lgotf / k|hftflGqs ;+/rgfdfk|ZglrGxnufpg] 7fpF 5 .Æ -jGt, k|To'if @)%* M æg]kfnLldl8ofsf] jt{dfgl:yltÆ , g]kfnLldl8ofdfblnt / hghflt -;Dkf= k|To'ifjGt / z]v/ k/fh'nL_, Pstfa'S;, sf7df8f}+ . k[i7 !%_ • b]zsf] ax'cfofldsljsf;sfnflu ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] ckl/xfo{tfPp6f :yflktl;4fGteO;s]sf] 5 . -;dfj]zLldl8ofcfof]usf] k|ltj]g, @)^# -;g\ @))^__

10. k[i7e"dLM • ;a} juL{s/0ftyflje]bx¿ g]kfnnfO{ lxGb" clw/fHo / g]kfnLjf v; efiffnfO{ Ps dfq ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff3f]if0ffug]{ ;/sf/L gLltvf;u/L ;g\ !(^) sf] lgb{nLo /fhg}ltsk|0ffnLåf/f ;'b[9 kfl/Psfx'g\ . o; ;Fu;Fu} o;n] g]kfnsf] ax'wflds{, ax'hftLo, ax';f+:s[lts / ax'eflifsrl/qnfO{ a]jf:tfu¥of] / v; eflifstyf ;f+:s[ltsclt/fi6«jfbsf] l;h{gfu¥of] / of] gLlt ;g\ !(() dfnf]stGqsf] k'gMaxfnLkl5klgsfod} /xof] . -g]kfndfgjclwsf/ k|ltj]bg–;g\ @))( -@)^^_, ;+o'Qm /fli6«;+3Loljsf; sfo{qmd, k[=!*_

11. k[i7e"dLM • cflbjf;Lhghflt ;d"xsfkqsf/x¿ tyf÷jfJofj;flos ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf] Go"gk|ltlglw / ltgLx¿sf] l;ldtIfdtf, cGo ;d"xx¿sfkqsf/x¿dfcflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;jfnx¿;DaGwLePsf] l;ldt1fgn] :yflgotyf /fli6«o:t/sf ;fj{hlgsax;x¿dfcflbjf;Lhghfltsfcfjfhx¿ / ;xeflutfnfO{ ;+s"lrtkf/]sf] 5, h;n] gLltlgdf{0fsfk|lqmofsf ;fy} ltgLx¿sfhLjgx¿nfO{ c;/ kfg]{ lg0f{ox¿nfO{ k|efjkfg]{ jf :j¿kk|bfgug]{ ub{5 . -g]kfndf ;zlQms/0fsfnflu ;~rf/ -C4E, Report, UNDP_, k|ltj]bg–@))(-O{=;+=_

12. d"nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿k|lt cflbjf;L hghfltsf] a'emfO{ • d"nwf/sf] ;+rf/dfWodx¿n] cflbjf;Lhghfltsf] ;jfnx¿sf] ;dfrf/ ;fdfGotof ;+k|]if0fub}{g . • ;+k|]ifLt ;dfrf/ klglgikIf, ;sf/fTdstyfk|efjsf/L ?kdfgug]{ . • ;+rf/ gLltc;dfj]zL 5 . • clwsf/ / klxrfgsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ d'nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodn] hftLotf / ;fDk|bflostf;Fuhf]8\g] .

13. IPs=6 min. and Non-IPs=450 minute

16. IPs News in three Mainstream Print Media

19. d"nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿sf] cflbjf;Lhghfltk|ltsf] a'emfO{ • cflbjf;Lhghfltsfclwsf/dfcfwfl/t ;jfnx¿ hftLo, ;fDk|bflos / ljv08gjfbLpGd'v /x]sf] . • cfˆgf ;jfnx¿sf] k|:t'ltdfpu|tftyfcltjfbsf] xfjL . • cfˆgf ;jfnx¿ d"nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ a'emfpg] kxnx?sf] cefj . • cflbjf;Lhghfltsfcflwsf/d"vLd'2fjfpgLx?sf] ;F:s[lt, k/Dk/f / /Lltl/jfhx? ahf/df7"nf] dxTjsf] x'Fb}g eGg] ;Dkfbsx?sf] a'emfO{ 5 . -kmf]lghcWoogk|ltj]bg–@)!$O{=;+=_ • :jtGq / Jofj;floskqsfl/tfsf] cEof; ug{ glbO{ kqsfl/tfdflyxdnfug]{ u/]sf] -@)^* ;fn h]7 &, * / ( sf] 36gf_

20. k[i7e"dLM • b]zsf] ax'cfofldsljsf;sfnflu ;dfj]lzs/0fsf] ckl/xfo{tfPp6f :yflktl;4fGteO;s]sf] 5 . -;dfj]zLldl8ofcfof]usf] k|ltj]bg_ • ;~rf/ ̷ ;~rf/dfWoddfcflbjf;Lhghfltsf] ;xeflutfsf] cj:yf -Go"g_ / cflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;dfhtkm{ ;+rf/dfWod -ldl8of_ sf] c;/ g]kfndf ;d:ofu|:t ;jfnx¿ x'g\ . -Participation of Indigenous Peoples in Mass Media A Case Study of FM Radios in Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal, PrakashSapkota-2013, P.2_ • d"NodfGotfcg's'ncflbjf;Lhghflt / ;+rf/dfWodaLrcfk;L ;Gt'li6gePsf] cj:yf .

23. ;+rf/dfWodM kl/efiffM -s_ cfd;~rf/dfWod Ps ;d"xxf] h;n] lgwf{l/t d"No;lxtsf] ;Gb]zx¿ lgdf{0fub{5 / tL ;Gb]zx¿nfO{ ljz]if hgdfg;sf] aLrdfljlzi6nIoxfl;nug{sfnfluljt/0fub{5 . tL ;d"xdf ;dfrf/kq, rnlrqlgdf{0fzfnf, 6]lnlehg ;~hfn, /]l8of] :6]zgx¿, / tyfslyt …PsLs[t ;+~rf/Ú cflb ;a} hf] dflg; tyfsDkgLx¿sf] c+zxf] / ;fd"lxstf;+u ;DaGw /fVb5 . (http://www.understandmedia.com/ml-basics/8-what-is-the-media)

24. ;+rf/dfWodtyfldl8ofMkl/efiff -qmdzM_ kl/efiffM -v_ cfd;~rf/dfWodsf ;a}If]q -d'Vou/L ldl8od\ j]e\, ;6{j]e\, Pkm\Pd\ tyf OG6/g]6 /]l8of] k|;f/0f, 6]lnlehg k|;f/0f -s]an, :of6nfO6 / OG6/g]6 k|f]6f]sn 6]lnlehg;lxt_ 5fkfsf ;~rf/dfWod, lj1fkg tyf rnlrq_ ;a} o; gLltsf] If]qleq kb{5 . k|;f/0f, 5fkfvfgf tyf k|sfzg, lj1fkg tyf rnlrq ;DaGwL ;a} lgodx¿ o; gLltsf] k|efjleq kb{5 . (Nepal Media Policy, 2012, Rev.0-3)

25. ;+rf/dfWod tyf ldl8of M k|sf/ -s_ d'nwf/ d'nwf/sfldl8oftyf ;+rf/dfWodtLx'g\ h;n] 7"nf] dfqfdfljt/0fub{5g\, h;sfsf/0f ;~rf/dfWodsfax'dtkf7sx¿;Fu ;fdgfx'G5 . pQmzAbn] tL ;~rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ klga'emfpFb5h;n] ljBdfgk|rngdf /x]sfljrf/, k|efj of ultljlwx¿nfO{ k|ltlalDatub{5 . (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstream_media)

26. ;+rf/dfWodtyfldl8ofMk|sf/ -v_ j}slNksM != ;fdfGoMJofj;flos ;~rfngjfl;l08s]6 jf ;/sf/L lgsfosf] lgoGq0fdf g/x]sfs'g} klgk|sf/sf ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ j}slNks ;~rf/dfWodsf]¿kdflnOG5 . o;¿ksf] ;~rf/dfWoddf k/Dk/fut ¿ksf] ;dfrf/kqtyfDofuhLgx¿ jf /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, / rnlrqx¿ kg{ ;Sb5g\ . j}slNks ;~rf/dfWoddf j]A;fO6x¿, O{–a'sx¿ tyf O{–DofuhLgx¿, ;'Gg] tyf x]g]{ lel8of] of cgnfOgdfpknAwx'g] gofFk|sf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx¿ klg kg{ ;Sb5g\ . 7'nf ;~rf/dfWod of ;/sf/L lgoGq0fsf] ;~rf/dfWoddf k|:t'tul/PsfeGbf km/s b[li6sf]0f /fVg' j}slNks ;~rf/dfWosf] sfo{ xf] . (http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-alternative-media.htm)

27. ;+rf/dfWodtyfldl8ofM @=@=-v_ j}slNksM @= ;fd'bflosklqsfl/tf ……;fd'bflos ;+rf/ ;d'bfosf] pGgltsfnflu ;d'bfosf ;jfnx¿sfljifosf] ;dfrf/x¿;lxt ;d'bfon] k|bfgug]{ l;4fGtsf] cfwf/dfx'G5h;sf] rog / k}/jL ;d'bfon] ub{5 / ;fdfGotof ;d'bfonfO{ ;dy{g ub{5 .ÚÚ -Warner Charles) #= gful/s :jo+ -gful/s kqsfl/tf_ Jofj;floskqsf/x¿h:tf] k|lzlIftgul/Psfgful/af6 ;dfrf/ tyf ;"rgfsf] ;+sng, n]vg, ;Dkfbg, pTkfbg / ljt/0ful/g] kqsfl/tfgful/s kqsfl/tfxf] . -http://www2.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/ Journalism/CitizenJournalism.html_ Warner Charles, University of Missouri School of Journalism, the USA,

28. j}slNks tyf ;fd'bflos k|sfzg gkfOPsf @^ cflbjf;L hghfltx¿M • != ls;fg @= ugufO{, #= emfu8, $= tfªa], %= bg'jf/, ^= b/fO{ &= a/fd, *=d'ufn, (= d]r], !)= /fhj+zL, !!= /fhL, !@= nfKrf, !#= nfs]{, !$= jfn'ª, !%= JofF;L, !^= ;Gyfn, !&= l;of/, !*= xfo', !(= Xof]Ndf], @)= y'bfd, @!= ;'/]n, @@= wfg's, @#= s'rjf8Lof, @$= Nxf]kf, @%= /fp6] / @^= s';'G8fn] cfh;Dd Pp6f :dfl/sf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .-kmf]lgh cWoog–@)&)_

29. ;+rf/dfWodsf] pQ/bfloTj tyf lhDd]jf/L • nf]stGqsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpgsf nflu cfd ;~rf/sf dfWod k|lta4 / x/bd lqmofzLn /xg'k5{ . ltgn] /fHosf] ljleGg lqmofsnfknfO{ ljZj;gLo, tYok/s, j:t'ut, lgeL{s / ;Gt'lnt 9+uaf6 hg;dIf k'¥ofpg'k5{ . nf]stflGqs ;+:sf/sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ / ;fdflhs ;b\efj Pjd\ ;fd~h:o clej[l4nfO{ ;~rf/ dfWodx¿n] cfkm\gf] k|d'v bfloTj 7fGg'kb{5 . -e"dLsf,/fw]Zofd clwsf/L, cWoIf, pRr:t/Lo ldl8of ;'emfj cfof]u, @)^#_

30. ;+rf/dfWodsf] pQ/bfloTj tyf lhDd]jf/L • jt{dfgdf d'n'ssf ;a} If]qdf k'gM;+/rgf / ;dfj]lztfsf] ax; cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 / o; ax;af6 ;~rf/ If]q klg 6f9f /xg ;Sb}g, t;y{ g]kfnL ;~rf/ dfWodn] PsnjfbL ;f]r, ;+/rgf / ;fdu|Lsf] bfo/faf6 dfly p7\b} nf]stGqsf] lbuf] ljsf;, hjfkmb]xLk"0f{ zf;gk|0ffnL, ;|f]t;fwgsf] Gofok"0f{ ljt/0f, ;a} ju{,;d'bfosf] ;fd"lxs lxtdf cfˆgf] e"ldsf lj:tf/ ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . -;~rf/ dfWodx¿nfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo cfof]u,@)^(, !=#= ;~rf/dfWoddf ;dfj]zLs/0f lsg <_

31. ;+rf/dfWodsf] pQ/bfloTj tyf lhDd]jf/L ;fdflhspQ/bfloTjlg0f{ox¿ ug{sfnflulg0f{ostf{x¿sf] sQ{Jo xf] h;n] ltgLx¿sfcfˆgflxt;lxt ;du|df ;dfhsNof0fsf] ;+/If0ftyf ;'wf/ ub{5 . -Keith Davis, Management Innovations, cited on Student’s Research, Global Media Journal – Indian Edition/ Summer Issue / June 2011, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THE OBLIGATION OF MASS MEDIA, ShabarniBasu) • …wfld{s, n}+lus,ef}uf]lnstyfhftLolje]b ef]lu/x]sfhgtftyf ;dfgcj;/af6jl~rtkIfsftkm{af6cfjfhp7fpg' ;~rf/ hutsf] st{Jo x'gcfpF5 . -pRr:t/Lo ldl8of ;'emfjcfof]u @)^#_

32. Jofj;flos ;+:yfgx¿sf] % ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjx¿M– • Joj;fo ;dfhd} /xg] / ;dfhs}nfluul/g] ePsf]n] ;fdflhspQ/bfloTj ;fdflhs zlQmaf6} p7\b5 . • bf]xf]/f] v'nf ;~rfngk|0fflndfcfwfl/t x'g'kb{5 -s_ ;dfhaf6lngsfnfluv'nfx'g'kg]{ / -v_ hgtfsfnfluo;sf] ;~rfngv'nful/g' kg]{ . • lqmofsnfk, pTkfbgjf ;]jfsf] ;fdflhsnfuttyfnfex¿ /fd|/L lgsfNg' kb{5 / To;;+u cufl8a9g] lsga9g] eGg] lg0f{odfljrf/ ug'{ kb{5 . • k|To]s lqmofsnfk, pTkfbgjf ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdflhsnfutx¿ pkef]QmfnfO{ k|bfgug'{kb{5 . • lglZrt ;fdflhs ;d:ofx¿df ;+nUgx'gsfnfluJofj;flos ;+:yfgx¿sf] gful/sx¿ em}+ pQ/bfloTj /xG5h'gcfˆgf] ;fdfGosfo{;~rfngsf] If]qx¿eGbfaflx/sfx'G5g\ . -Keith-Davis 5 Model of CSR, Managementt Innovations)

33. ;~rf/dfWodx¿df cflbjf;L hghfltsf dfgjclwsf/sf] af/]df ePsf k|fjwfg • cflbjf;L hghfltsf clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;l3o 3f]if0ffkq–@))&-O{=;+=_ sf] wf/f–!^=!= • ……cflbjf;L hghfltnfO{ pgLx¿sf] cfˆg} efiffdf cfˆg} ;~rf/dfWod :yfkgf ug]{ / s'g} e]befjlagf ;a} k|sf/sf u}/cflbjf;L ;~rf/dfWoddf kx'Fr k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/ 5 ÚÚ • cflbjf;L hghflt;DaGwL cGt/fli6«o >d ;+u7gsf] dxf;lGw–!^( sf] wf/f–#)=@= • cfˆg} ;~rf/dfWod :yfkgf ug{ kfOg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

34. ;~rf/dfWod, ;+qmd0fsfn / åGbaLrsf] cGt/;DaGw • ;~rf/lj1 dpnfgfåf/f k|ltkflbt …lge{/tfsf] l;4fGtÚ cg';f/ åGb / ;+qmd0fsf] ;dodf cfd;~rf/dfWoddflysf] lge{/tf a9\g] u5{ .-lbSkfn_ • cfd;~rf/dfWodx¿n] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x gu/L pTkLl8t / cNk;+Vosx¿sf] cfjfhnfO{ g;d]6g] xf] eg] ;dfhdf åGb a9\g ;Sb5 . -Gofcf]nL lgpDofg, :kfO/n ckm ;fOn]G;sf] l;4fGt, lbskfn_

35. pRr:t/Lo ldl8of ;'emfj cfof]u–@)^# • kqsfl/tfsf] If]qdf dlxnf, cflbjf;L, hghflt, blnt, dw]zL, d';ndfg, ckfËtf tyf lk5l8Psf ju{x¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{kg]{ . • o:tf kqsf/x¿sf] ;Lk ljsf;sf lglDt tflnd / k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 . • o; lglDt ;Da4 ;~rf/ dfWodsf cltl/Qm /fHon] ;d]t nufgL ug'{ h?/L 5 . • ;~rf/ dfWodx¿n] kqsf/x¿sf] ;]jfsfnLg tflndnfO{ ljz]if dxTj / ;x'lnot lbg'kb{5 . • /fli6«o ;~rf/ gLltdf n}lËs ;dfgtfsf] ljifonfO{ ;dfj]z ul/g'kg]{ .

36. ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo cfof]u—@)^( ;~rf/dfWoddf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] p2]Zo ;dfj]zL eGgfn] /fHoåf/f hfgL–hfgL jf c~hfgdf /fHosf] ;|f]t, ;fwgdf kx'Fr / ;]jf ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt u/fOPsf jf x'g k'u]sf ;d'bfo / If]qnfO{ To:tf] ;|f]t / ;fwgdf kx'Fr k'¥ofO{ ;]jf / ;'ljwf kfpgsf nflu ;dfg ¿kn] ;xefuL x'g kfpg] k|lqmof ;'lglZrt ug'{sf ;fy} lghL If]qnfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0f k|lqmofdf k|f]T;flxt ub{} ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt ;d"xnfO{ lghL ;|f]tdf klg kx'Fr pknAw u/fpg] eGg] a'lemG5 . To:tf ju{ / ;d'bfonfO{ /fHosf] d"n k|jfxdf ;dflxt ub}{ nf]ssNof0fsf/L /fHo lgdf{0f ug'{ ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] d"n p2]Zo xf] .

37. ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ d+qfnosf] sfo{If]q • hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] cfwf/e"t d"No tyf dfGotfx¿sf] ;+/If0f tyf P]Soa4tfsf] ;xlhs/0f ug{ / /f;i6«olxtsf] pRr k|fyldstf cg';f/ /fli6«o Pstfsfnflu ;~rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg' .

38. cflbjf;L hghfltsf k|d'v ;jfnx?M– • :jklxrfg, • :jtGq k"j{ ;';"lrt ;xdlt, • ;dfj]zLo ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj • cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts clwsf/ • gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ • dlxnf, afnaflnsf, lszf]/, o'jf, kl/kSj ;d"x -$!–^$ jif{_ / j[4 • lje]bsf] Go"lgs/0f / ;dtfd'ns ;dfgtfsf] k|a4{g • :jzf;g / :jfoQtfsfnflu ;+l3otf • klxrfg;lxtsf] ;+l3otf ;+l3otf;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg

39. ;~rf/ If]qdf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] k|of;M– • g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] sfo{;ldltdf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt-@_ / dw]zL ;d'bfosf $ hgf s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L ef}uf]lns If]qaf6 s]Gb|df k|To]s ljsf; If]qaf6 @.@ hgf / pkTosfaf6 @ hgf u/L !@ hgf s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g] Joj:yf . • k|]; rf}tf/L g]kfnn] cflbjf;L hghfltsfnflu @, dw]zLsf –@, blnt–! / kfFr ljsf; If]qaf6 !.! hgf dlxnf k|ltlglwsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf 5 . • g]kfn k|]; o'lgogn] cflbjf;L hghflt–!, dw]zL–!, blnt–! / dlxnf pkfWoIf–!, clgjfo{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

41. lgisif{M • ldl8ofdfcfPsf ;dfrf/x?sf] ;dfj]zL /fHo / bLuf] nf]stGqsfnflupGd'v5g\ 5}gg\ eGg] dfkb08x? lgwf{/0fgePsfn] cg'udgug]{ lgsfox? ;d]t k/Dk/futsfo{If]qd} l;ldt /xL/x]sf5g\ . • ljZj;gLotf, lgikIftf / kf7ssf] sf]0faf6d'nwf/sflglhldl8oflgSs} z;Qm b]lvPsf] 5 t/ of] ;dfj]zLx'g ;s]sf] 5}g / Jofj;flos ;fdflhspQ/bfloTjjxgklgcfjZosdfqfdfx'g ;s]sf] 5}g . • cflbjf;Lhghfltx?n] ldl8ofdf /x]sfl;ldtcflbjf;Lhghflt ;d'bfoaf6 ;"rgfk|jfxdf7"nf] ;xof]usf] ck]Iffug{] u/]sf] t/ ;~rf/dfWod / To;sfhgzlQmx? ;+j]bgzLngePsfsf/0fcfk;LåGb / b'/L a9g] u/]sf] 5 . • ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0fug]{ ;DaGwLpRr:t/Lo cfof]u—@)^( n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf ;~rf/dfWodsfdfkb08x¿ ;~rf/ P]g, sfg'g, gLlt, lgoddfkl/0ft u/L sfof{Gjoggul/~h]n ljBdfg ;fdflhsåGbsf] lg/fs/0fx'g] cfwf/ b]lvb}g .

42. ;'emfjx?M–kmf]lghn] ug'{kg]{ • ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo cfof]u—@)^( n] k]z u/]sf] k|ltj]bg cg';f/ gLlt lgdf{0f agfpg ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;dGjo ug]{ . • cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;jfnx¿nfO{ d"nwf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx¿df kx'Fr u/fpg ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ . • /fli6«o:t/df d'nwf/sf :ynut ;+rf/sdL{x¿, Go"h¿dsf] ljifout ;Dkfbs jf cflwsfl/s ;~rf/ld{x¿;Fu ;dGjo ug]{ . • :yflgo tyf lhNnf:t/df kmf]lghsf] zfvfdfkm{t g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nufot ;+rf/sld{x¿sf] ljleGg ;+hfn̷ ;+3 ̷ dxf;+3;Fu ;dGjo u/L hg:t/df cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;jfnx¿sf] kx'Fr d'nwf/sf] ;+rf/dfWodx¿df k'¥ofpg kxn ug]{ .

43. ;'emfjx?M–kmf]lghn] ug'{kg]{ • /fli6«o:t/df kmf]lghn] cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;jfnx¿sf] kx'Fr d'nwf/sf] ;+rf/dfWodx¿df k'¥ofpg d'nwf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx¿sf gLlt lgdf{0fstf{, nuflgstf{, k|wfg;Dkfbs, tyf Joj:yfkg kIf;Fu cf̷ h sf ;jfnx¿k|lt ;+rf/dfWodx¿sf] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf] af/]df ;d]t 5nkmn ug{ u/fpg-g]lkmg;lxt_ ;dGjo ug]{ . • bL3{sflng /0fgLlts ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd̷ sfo{of]hgf cGt{ut eO/x]sf cflbjf;L hghflt ;+rf/sdL{x¿sf] Jofj;flos Ifdtfsf ;fy} tYout k}/jL Ifdtfsf] ;d]t ljsf; ug'{kg]{ . • cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf] kx'Fr a[l4 u/fpg yk hgzlQmx¿ lgdf{0f u/L ;dfj]zL ldl8ofsf] l;4fGtx¿ sfof{Gjog u/fpg d"nwf/sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿;Fu ;dGjo ug'[{kg]{ .

44. ;'emfjx?M–kmf]lghn] ug'{kg]{ • g]kfncflbjf;Lhghfltdxf;+3(NFFIN), /fli6«ocflbjf;Lhghfltdlxnfdxf;+3(NIWF), cflbjf;Ltyfhghflt u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfdxf;+3–g]kfn-NGO-FONIN), cflbjf;Lhghflto"jfdxf;+3(YFIN), cflbjf;LhghfltljBfyL{ dxf;+3(FINS), cflbjf;Lhghflt u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfdxf;+3-NGO-FION), cflbjf;Lls/ft dxf;+3 -FIKA), cflbjf;Lhghflt ;"rLs/0f ;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldlt(JSCEOIPs)cflbsf] k|ltlglwx¿ / d"nwf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx¿sf] k|ltlglwx¿aLr Ps ;+rf/ ;dfj]zL ;d"xlgdf{0fsfnflu5nkmnsfo{qmd /fvLd"nwf/sf ;~rf/dfWodx¿dfcflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;jfnx¿sf] kx'Frk'¥ofpgJofjxfl/s pkfox¿sf] klxrfgug]{ . • ;/sf/L tyfgLlhldl8ofnfO{ ;dfj]zLagfpg …;dfj]zLldl8of ;'emfapRr:t/Lo cfof]u–@)^(Ún] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] sfo{Gjogsfnflukxnug{'kg]{ . • ldl8ofn] ug{ ;Sg] k}/jL -PS6Llehd_ / p;sf] l;ldttfaf/] clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf, ;/f]sf/jfnflgsfoaLrlg/Gt/ ;Dafbug{] Joint Struggle Committee of Enlistment Oriented Indigenous Peoples (JSCEOIPs)

45. ;'emfjx?M–kmf]lghn] ug'{kg]{ • cflbjf;L hghflt ;d'bfosf JolQmx?nfO{ ldl8of If]qdf nfUg clek|]l/t ug{] • b]z tyf ljb]zdf cflbjf;L ldl8ofsdL{x?aLr cfk;df cg'ejx? cfbfgk|bfgsf] qmd lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg] • b]zleq / aflx/ cflbjf;L hghflt ldl8ofsdL{x?sf] ;fd"lxs ;~hfn sdg g]6jls{ª k2tLsf] ljsf; ug]{ • b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf ;~rfngdf cfPsf cflbjf;L hghfltsf] clwsf/d'vL ;+rf/dfWodx?sf] /fli6«o ;~hfn ljsf; ug]{

46. ;~rf/If]qsf pBdzLn cflbjf;L hghfltsf JolQm tyf ;+:yfx¿n] ug'{kg]{– • ;~rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0fug]{ ;DaGwLpRr:t/Lo cfof]u, @)^# sf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpgljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnflgsfox¿;Fu ;dGjoug{ . • lbuf] ;+rf/dfWodJoj:yfkgk2ltaf/] cGoljrf/ ldNg] pBdsdL{x;Fu5nkmnrnfpg], • cflbjf;LhghfltpBdzLnx¿sf] nuflgx? Plss[t ug{sfnflu ;Defljt If]qx?sf] vf]hLug]{, • cflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;fd"lxsclwsf/sf ;jfnx? cfd;~rf/dfWoddfNofpgOdfGbfl/tfsf;fykxnug{'kg]{ .

47. cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;+3;+:yfx¿n] ug'{kg]{M– • ;~rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo cfof]u, @)^# sf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpg ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;Fu ;dGjo ug{ . • cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;+3;+:yfx¿n] cfd;~rf/df ;jfnx¿nfO{ lg/Gt/ k'¥ofO/xg lglZrt dfkb08x¿ lgwf{/0f u/L cfly{s sf]if v8f ug]{ / ;f] sf]ifaf6 ;~rf/dfWoddf kx'Fr k'¥ofpg ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ kmf]lghdfkm{t cfly{s nufot Ifdtf cg';f/sf] cGo ;xof]ux¿ pknAw u/fpg] . • ;+o'Qm ;dGjo ;d"xsf] 5nkmnaf6 klxrfg ul/Psf pkfox¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;DalGwt cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;+3;+:yfx¿n] ;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ .

48. cflbjf;L hghfltsf ;+3;+:yfx¿n] ug'{kg]{M– • k|efjsf/Ltfsfnflu cfˆgf ;jfnx¿sf] cleJolQm lzi6, ;Eo, tYout, tfls{s efiff z}lndf /fVg] sf}zntf ljsf; ug'{kg{] . • j}slNks, ;fd'bflos ;+rf/dfWodx¿nufot ;fdflhs ;+hfn tyf gful/s kqsfl/tfx¿sf] clwstd k|of]u ug'{kg]{ . • ldl8ofsdL{x?;Fu cflbjf;L hghfltx?sf] clwsf/ / klxrfgaf/] 3lge"t 5nkmn ug]{ • g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;+3 -g]lkmg_ n] kmf]lghsf] ;xlhs/0fdf lgoldt ldl8of cg'udg ug'{kg]{ / ;f] sf] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs u/L k}/jLsfnflu Ps cf}hf/sf?kdf k|ltj]bg k|of]u ul/g'kg]{ .

49. cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fgn] ug'{kg]{ • ;~rf/dfWodx¿nfO{ ;dfj]zLs/0fug]{ ;DaGwLpRr:t/Lo cfof]u, @)^# sf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpg] ljleGgsfo{qmdxnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ . • cflbjf;Lhghfltldl8ofsdL{ tyfcflbjf;Lhghfltsf] clwsf/sfnflu ;sf/fTds ;f]r /fVg] ldl8ofsdL{ bIftfclea[l4 / k|f]T;fxgsfnflutflnd, k'/:sf/, cWooga[lQcflbsf] Joj:yfug]{ • cflbjf;Lhghfltsf] ;+rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿dfkmf]lghnO{ cfly{s, ef}ltstyfk|fljlws ;xof]u k|bfgug]{ . • cflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|bfgul/g] lgoldt ;+:yfutljsf;sfcg'bfgaf6 ;+:yfut ;~rf/ ljsf;sfnflu of]hgftyfsfo{qmdx¿ lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjogug{ u/fpgdfhftLo ;+:yfx¿nfO{ clek|]l/t ug]{ .

50. cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fgn] ug'{kg]{ • s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu;Fu ;dGjo u/L cflbjf;L hghfltx¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts, /fhg}lts, :jf:Yo cflb ;a} If]qx¿df /x]sf] 6f]n, j8f, ufpF, Onfsf, lhNnf, If]q / s]Gb|;Ddsf] jf:tljs tYofÍ ;+sng ug]{ . • k|fKt vl08s[t tYofÍsf] cfwf/df bL3{sflng /0fgLlts sfo{qmd / sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L r/0fa4¿kdf ;/sf/ tyf bft[lgsfox¿;Fu ;Dks{ u/L cfjZos cfly{s ;|f]tsf] k|:tfj /fVg] / k|fKt ePsf ;|f]tx¿sf] cfwf/df sfof{Gjog ug]{ .