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Maxwell’s Equations (so far…)

Maxwell’s Equations (so far…). *Not complete. *Not complete. Can a distribution of static charges make this field?. Electrostatic forces are conservative . The change in potential around a loop must be zero. for fields made by charges at rest. means:

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Maxwell’s Equations (so far…)

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  1. Maxwell’s Equations (so far…) *Not complete *Not complete

  2. Can a distribution of static charges make this field? Electrostatic forces are conservative. The change in potential around a loop must be zero. for fields made by charges at rest.

  3. means: No curly electric fields. BUT: This is only true for “Coulomb” fields (fields caused by stationary charges).

  4. There is another way to make electric fields.

  5. Where there is a time-varying magnetic field, there is also a curly electric field.

  6. Curly electric field (both inside and outside solenoid)

  7. No curly electric field

  8. We call the curly electric fields Non-Coulomb electric fields ENC They are related to magnetic fields that are changing in time:

  9. Which direction does the electric field curl?

  10. Which direction does the electric field curl? Right thumb along Fingers curl in direction of

  11. Which direction does the electric field curl?

  12. Which direction does the electric field curl?

  13. Which direction does the electric field curl?

  14. Which direction does the electric field curl?

  15. What if we put a conducting wire around the solenoid? A current is induced in the wire.

  16. Solenoid B increasing Metal wire How big is the current i2?

  17. EMF (ElectroMotive Force) EMF is actually not a force. It is the energy per unit charge added to a circuit during a single round trip. EMF= Units: Volts

  18. Solenoid B increasing Metal wire EMF=

  19. Solenoid B increasing Metal wire (Ohm’s Law) 电阻

  20. We can measure ENC by measuring the induced current.

  21. Experiments:i2 is only present when i1 is changing. EMF

  22. Experiments:i2 is proportional to the area of the solenoid. EMF

  23. Faraday’s Law EMF This is the magnetic flux through the loop.

  24. Faraday’s Law EMF The EMF around a closed path is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux inside the path.

  25. Faraday’s Law The EMF around a closed path is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux inside the path.

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