1 / 21

Baroque Period

Baroque Period. 1600-1750 A.D. From Renaissance to Baroque :. Renaissance Characteristics: Music was written for Mass: The Mass Cycle, called the Ordinary: Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus Agnus Dei No official system for writing music.

hateya
Download Presentation

Baroque Period

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Baroque Period 1600-1750 A.D.

  2. From Renaissance to Baroque: • Renaissance Characteristics: • Music was written for Mass: • The Mass Cycle, called the Ordinary: • Kyrie • Gloria • Credo • Sanctus • Agnus Dei • No official system for writing music. • Fifths and fourths considered to be the holiest intervals. • Known in music as Perfect 4ths and Perfect 5ths • Polyphony: Equal voices • Every voice has an individual melody

  3. Baroque Characteristics The term “baroque” was coined in the 18th Century by critics who preferred a newer, simpler style. The word Baroque means abnormal, exaggerated, or “in bad taste.” In the 19th Century, the term Baroque took on a positive meaning, as critics began to appreciate the stylistic tendencies of the period.

  4. Major Historical Events

  5. Innovations in the Arts • 1657: Gian Lorenzo Bernini begins construction of St. Peter’s Square at the Vatican in Rome. • Post-Reformation: The Vatican symbolizes the authority of the Catholic Church.

  6. Bernini’s Ecstasy of St. Teresa • 1645-1652

  7. Innovations in Literature • John Milton’s Paradise Lost • Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote • 1616: Death of Shakespeare

  8. Innovations in Dance • The Court Ballet • Created in France • A musical-dramatic work, staged with costumes and scenery that featured members of the court alongside professional dancers. • The instruments used for Court Ballet became the model for the modern orchestra. • Jean-Baptiste Lully was a primary composer of French ballet • Lully created the model for French Opera

  9. Baroque Style • Secular genres expanded • Opera is invented in Italy • Cantata [means “to be sung”] is invented in Italy • Instrumental styles expand • An official system for writing music was established. • “The look” of music comes from the notation rules invented during the Baroque era. • Time signatures, measures, barlines • Chromaticism and dissonances are introduced. • Melody and accompaniment. • Ornamentations and Embellishments: • Invented to let the singer “show off” • Trills • Turns • Appoggiaturas • Cadenzas • The pianoforte (AKA: piano) is invented in 1700

  10. Italian Opera • Opera is a drama with continuous music that is staged with scenery, costumes, and action. • Characteristics of Opera: • Aria: expresses emotion • Solo with accompaniment • The character’s reflection on the events • Designed to let the singer “show off” • The form of pop music (ABA) developed from Arias • Recitative: tells the story • Narration • Declamation of poetry without concern for pitch accuracy

  11. Instrumental Genres • Secular Genres: • Prelude • Fugue • One subject (or theme) is continuously developed • Example: Bach’s Toccata and Fugue in D Minor • Sonata • Development of Sonata form • Concerto • Sacred Genres: • The Mass Cycle continues • Oratorio • Contained musical elements of Opera without staging or costumes • Religious subject matter • Performed in Latin or Italian • Sacred Concertos

  12. Famous Baroque Composers

  13. Johann Sebastian (J.S.) Bach The Man. The Legend. The Genius. 1685-1750

  14. J.S. Bach • Born 1685 in Central Germany • 1700-1702: Studied at Lüneburg • 1703: Hired as a church organist in Arnstadt • 1708: Hired as a court musician for the duke of Weimar • First hired as an organist • Later, promoted to concertmaster • 1717: appointed Kapellmeister (music director) at the court of Prince Leopold of Anhalt in Cöthen • 1723: Moved to Liepzig to one of the most prestigious music positions in Germany

  15. Famous Pieces • Brandenburg Concertos • Mass in B Minor • Toccata in D Minor • The Art of Fugue • Demonstrates all types of fugal writing

  16. What Makes him Great? • Bach absorbed into his work all the genres, styles, and forms of his time and developed them beyond what his peers thought possible. • Characteristics in his music: • Memorable themes • A theme should be exciting and welcomed.” –Bach • Strong rhythmic drive • Clarify of form • “A brilliant piece isn’t necessarily made of brilliant content. The difference between brilliance and forgotten is the form.” –Dr. Joseph Baber • Careful attention to detail • Bach’s music embodies perfection of form

  17. George Frideric Handel The Business Man 1685-1759

  18. Handel • Born 1685 in Germany • His father wanted him to study law but he practiced music secretly. • 1702: Appointed cathedral organist at University of Halle. • Wrote his first opera at age 20. • Associated with leading musicians and patrons during his time in Florence, Naples, and Venice. • 1712: Moved to London

  19. Handel’s Influence • The English Oratorio: • Sacred subject matter • Elements of Opera: • Aria • Recitative • Form • Invention of the “Chorus” • Chorus used to narrate the story, comment on the events, or participate in the action • Emphasis on communal expression (not individual expression)

  20. Handel’s Style: • Dramatic • Appeal to the public • “He knew how to sell tickets” • This quality made him very popular throughout Europe • Emphasis on: • Melody • Harmony • Contrasting textures

  21. Messiah • “Hallelujah Chorus”

More Related