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Phylum Cnidaria

Phylum Cnidaria. General Characteristics. About 9000 species _____________________ Simple nervous system __________________ Diploblastic organization Endoderm Ectoderm. General Characteristics Cont’d-. Either tubular or bell shaped _______________________ Only animal with

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Phylum Cnidaria

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  1. Phylum Cnidaria

  2. General Characteristics • About 9000 species • _____________________ • Simple nervous system • __________________ • Diploblastic organization • Endoderm • Ectoderm

  3. General Characteristics Cont’d- • Either tubular or bell shaped • _______________________ • Only animal with cnidocytes • Cnidocytes-specialized stinging cells (on tentacle) • _______________________ • All marine (aquatic)

  4. ____________________________ • Cnidarians’ bodies are organized around the gastrovascular cavity, where digestion takes place • GV has a single opening that serves as both mouth and anus

  5. 2 Layers of Cells • Diploblastic: • __________________________ • Gastrodermis: lines GV cavity • Epidermis: lines the outside of the body (the skin)

  6. In between the two layers is the _________- a jelly-like substance.

  7. Cnidarian Body Wall

  8. Stinging Cells • Have Cnidocytes • ________________ • Contain nematocysts: barbed thread-like structures inside the cnidocyte that shoots out and can puncture and poison or entangle prey

  9. Cnidocyte

  10. Feeding • _______________________________ • Inner gastrodermis secretes digestive juices into gastrovascular cavity which digests food and circulates nutrients

  11. Feeding Cont.

  12. Nervous and Movement • _________________ & sensory receptors • Muscles help in directional movement & capturing prey

  13. Life Cycles • Cnidarians have two body forms that are representative of the sexual and asexual life cycles that they undergo. • _______ • Medusa

  14. Polyp • _______ • _______ • Usually attaches to a substrate at the aboral end • Oral end is surrounded by feeding tentacles

  15. Medusa • _________ • ________________ • Sexual (dioecious) • Shaped like an upside-down bowl • Tentacles surround the mouth that is housed underneath the bell

  16. When cnidarians display both forms at some point in their lives, they are said to display an __________________________

  17. _________________________ • Both sexual and asexual • Sexual • Gametes released into water • Fertilization takes place to create free-swimming planula • Asexual • By budding

  18. Generalized Cnidarian Life Cycle

  19. __________________________ • Scyphozoa: Jellyfish • Anthozoa: Sea anemones & Corals • Hydrozoa: Hydra • Cubozoa: Box Jellies

  20. Class Hydrozoa • Ex. Hydras

  21. __________________ • Includes hydras, fire corals, and Portuguese Man of War • Display alternation of generations • Polyp • Medusa

  22. Class Scyphozoa • True Jellyfish • ___________________________ • Small polyp stage during life cycle

  23. _____________________ • Similar to Scyphozoans, except that their medusa is cuboidal • Includes the box jellyfish • 1 of the 10 most venomous animals on the planet • Kills 12 people per year

  24. Class Anthozoa • Polyps that are flower-like • ___________________ • Includes sea anemones, corals, sea whips, and sea fans

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